AoC 2023, day 3 (Perl)

#!/usr/bin/perl

use strict;
use warnings;

use List::Util      qw(sum product);

# Read in grid, adding sentinel .s around all four sides (because substr)
my @grid = map { chomp; ".$_." } <>;

push   ( @grid, '.' x length $grid[0] );
unshift( @grid, '.' x length $grid[0] );

my $part1 = 0;
my %gears;              # hash from location of gear to list of part numbers

foreach my $line (1 .. $#grid - 1) {
    while ($grid[$line] =~ m#(\d+)#g) {
        my $num = $1;
        my $x = pos($grid[$line]) - length($num) - 1;   # left edge of search block

        # Search surrounding block for parts and gears
        my $found = 0;
        foreach my $y ($line - 1 .. $line + 1) {
            my $str = substr( $grid[$y], $x, length($num) + 2 );

            $found = 1                                    if ($str =~ m#[^.0-9]#);
            push( $gears{$y, $x + pos($str)}->@*, $num )  while ($str =~ m#\*#g);
        }

        $part1 += $num if ($found);
    }
}

my $part2 = sum map { product @$_ } grep { @$_ == 2 } values %gears;

print "Part 1: $part1\n";
print "Part 2: $part2\n";