ASC Adjust clipboard data

(*
  This applescript converts clipboard input into a format suited for pasting into an ASC
  reply.  I observed that my copies into an ASC reply were not formated that well.
  I observed that copies from a web browser were formated much better.  I went about
   adjusting the clipboard copy to the format expected by a web browser for best results.

 This applescript accepts the clipboard in either
 -- plan text upon which the text is converted to HTML.  Conversion is limitted to inserting paragraph tags for blank lines and inserting links where http or https text appears. The page title is substituted for the link.
 -- HTML source code identified by text containing HTML markup.
         Caveat emptor.

 to use:
 1) copy command + c what data you want to convert
 2) run this applascript by double clicking on the app.
 3) paste command + V into an ASC reply

 I have tested in Waterfox 56.2.9 in Yosemite.  I assume the process will work with other web browsers and other versions of macOS.

 Save as an Application Bundle.  Don't check any of the boxes.

Should you experience a problem, run in the Script Editor.
   Shows how to debug via on run path. Shows items added to folder. Shows log statement.
   It is easier to diagnose problems with debug information. I suggest adding log statements to your script to see what is going on.  Here is an example.

  For testing, run in the Script Editor.
         1) Click on the Event Log tab to see the output from the log statement
      2) Click on Run

change log
may 1, 2019 -- skip 403 forbidding title
may 2, 2019 -- convert \" to ".  the \" mysteriously appears in HTML source code input.  Probably some TextEdit artifact.
              copy to TextEdit copy out of TextEdit.

enhancements:
  -- get pdf title


Author: rccharles

 Copyright 2019 rccharles

       Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
       of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
       in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
       to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
       copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
       furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:

       The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
       copies or substantial portions of the Software.

       THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
       IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
       FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
       AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
       LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
       OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
       SOFTWARE.


    example text document:
set the clipboard to "\"Effective defenses 111 threats\" by John Galt
https://discussions.apple.com/docs/DOC-8841
\"Avoid phishing emails 222 and other scams\"

https://support.apple.com/en-ca/HT204759



blank lines
also,see:http://www.google.com/ seeing again:http://www.google.com"

 *)


-- Gets invoked here when you run in AppleScript editor or double click on the app icon.
on run
    global debug
    set debug to 2

    set theList to clipboard info
    printClipboardInfo(theList)

    set cbInfo to get (clipboard info) as string

    -- Most likely, if we have HTML data in the clipboard it will be from a web browser or Word.
    if cbInfo contains "HTML" then
        try
            log "Working wih HTML Class data from clipboard."
            set theBoard to the clipboard as «class HTML»
            log "Print out the HTML data on the clipboard"
            log theBoard

            set normalHtml to do shell script "osascript -e 'try' -e 'get the clipboard as «class HTML»' -e 'end try' | awk '{sub(/«data HTML/, \"\") sub(/»/, \"\")} {print}' | xxd -r -p "
            log normalHtml
            adjustBrowserHTML(normalHtml)
            set returnedData to theBoard
        on error errStr number errorNumber
            log "===> We didn't find HTML data.   errStr is " & errStr & " errorNumber is " & errorNumber
            return
        end try
    else
        -- will work with a plan text.
        try
            log "Working with plan text"
            set clipboardData to (the clipboard as text)
            if debug ≥ 2 then
                log "class clipboardData is " & class of clipboardData
                log "calling printHeader."
            end if
            printHeader("clipboardData", clipboardData)
        on error errStr number errorNumber
            log "===> We didn't find data on the clipboard.   errStr is " & errStr & " errorNumber is " & errorNumber
            display dialog "We didn't find HTML source code nor plan text on the clipboard." & return & "Please copy from a different source." giving up after 15
            return 1
        end try

        set returnedData to common(clipboardData)
    end if
    postToCLipboard(returnedData)
    -- return code
    return 0


end run

-- Folder actions.
-- Gets invoked here when something is dropped on the folder that this script is monitoring.
-- Right click on the folder to be monitored. services > Folder Action Settup...
on adding folder items to this_folder after receiving added_items
    -- TBD

end adding folder items to



-- Gets invoked here when something is dropped on this AppleScript icon
on open dropped_items

    global debug
    set debug to 2
    (*
    -- Debug code.
      set fileName to choose file with prompt "get file"
      set dropped_items to {fileName}
    *)
    log "class of dropped_items is " & class of dropped_items
    display dialog "You dropped " & (count of dropped_items) & " item or items." & return & "  Caveat emptor. You have been warned." giving up after 6

    set totalFileData to ""
    repeat with droppedItem in dropped_items
        log "The droppedItem is "
        -- display dialog "processing file " & (droppedItem as string) giving up after 3
        log droppedItem
        log "class = " & class of droppedItem
        set extIs to findExtension(droppedItem)
        set extIsU to makeCaseUpper(extIs)
        if extIsU is "HTML" or extIsU is "HTM" or extIsU is "TEXT" or extIsU is "TXT" then
            try
                set theFile to droppedItem as string
                set theFile to open for access file theFile
                set allOfFile to read theFile
                close access theFile
                printHeader("read from file ( allOfFile )", allOfFile)
                set totalFileData to totalFileData & common(allOfFile)
            on error theErrorMessage number theErrorNumber
                log theErrorMessage & "error number " & theErrorNumber
                close access theFile
            end try

        else
            -- we do not support this extension
            display dialog "We only support files with extenstion of html, htm, text or txt in either case. Your file had a " & extIs & " extention. Skipping" giving up after 10

        end if
    end repeat

    postToCLipboard(totalFileData)
    -- return code
    return 0

end open


-- ------------------------------------------------------
on common(clipboardData)
    global debug
    set lf to character id 10
    -- Write a message into the event log.
    log "  --- Starting on " & ((current date) as string) & " --- "
    set cbInfo to get (clipboard info) as string


    -- don't let Windoze confuse us. convert Return LineFeed to lf
    set clipboardData to alterString(clipboardData, return & lf, lf)
    -- might as will convert classic macOS return to lf. We will have to look for less things.
    set clipboardData to alterString(clipboardData, return, lf)

    -- figure out what type of data we have: plan text or html source code text.
    set paraCount to count of textToList(clipboardData, "<p")
    set endparaCount to count of textToList(clipboardData, "</p>")
    set titleCount to count of textToList(clipboardData, "<title")
    set endTitleCount to count of textToList(clipboardData, "</title>")
    set aLinkCount to count of textToList(clipboardData, "href=\"http")
    -- mangled href="http
    set mangledLinkCount to count of textToList(clipboardData, "href=\\\"http")
    set brCount to count of textToList(clipboardData, "<br>")
    if debug ≥ 1 then
        log "Values used to distinguis HTML source code from plan text."
        log "paraCount  is " & paraCount
        log "endparaCount is " & endparaCount
        log "titleCount is " & titleCount
        log "endTitleCount is " & endTitleCount
        log "aLinkCount is " & aLinkCount
        log "brCount is " & brCount
        log "mangledLinkCount is " & mangledLinkCount
    end if
    --set endHttpCount to count of textToList(clipboardData, "http://")
    --set endHttpsCount to count of textToList(clipboardData, "https://")
    -- note, textToList returns a count one greater than the actual because item one is the data before the first found entry.
    if paraCount ≥ 4 and endparaCount ≥ 3 or brCount ≥ 4 or ((titleCount is endTitleCount) and titleCount ≥ 2) or aLinkCount ≥ 3 or mangledLinkCount ≥ 3 then
        log "... found HTML input ... in plan text format."
        -- strange \" are appearing in input text.  Probably the result of using TextEdit along the way.
        -- quick hack.
        set alteredClipboardData to alterString(clipboardData, "\\\"", "\"")
        set readyData to typeHTML(alteredClipboardData)
    else
        log "... found plan Text input ..."
        set readyData to typeText(clipboardData)

    end if
    return readyData
end common

-- ------------------------------------------------------
(*
Free version of Parallels for individual use:</p><p><br></p>
<p>https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/parallels-desktop-lite/id1085114709?mt=12</p><p><br></p>
<p>    Full version</p><p><a href="http://www.parallels.com/en/products/desktop/" target="_blank">
     http://www.parallels.com/en/products/desktop/</a>

If asc find a URL outside of an a tag, it will place blank lines around the URL. No, it will not go the
full nine yards and place an a tag around the url.

*)
on adjustBrowserHTML(normalHtml)


end adjustBrowserHTML
-- ------------------------------------------------------
(*
alterString
  thisText is the input string to change
  delim is what string to change.  It doesn't have to be a single character.
  replacement is the new string

  returns the changed string.
*)

on alterString(thisText, delim, replacement)
    set resultList to {}
    set {tid, my text item delimiters} to {my text item delimiters, delim}
    try
        set resultList to every text item of thisText
        set text item delimiters to replacement
        set resultString to resultList as string
        set my text item delimiters to tid
    on error
        set my text item delimiters to tid
    end try
    return resultString
end alterString

-- ------------------------------------------------------
(*
  Return the text to the right of theToken.
*)
on answerAndChomp(theString, theToken)
    set debugging to false
    set theOffset to offset of theToken in theString
    if debugging then log "theOffset is " & theOffset
    set theLength to length of theString
    if theOffset > 0 then
        set beginningPart to text 1 thru (theOffset - 1) of theString
        if debugging then log "beginningPart is " & beginningPart

        set chompped to text theOffset thru theLength of theString
        if debugging then log "chompped is " & chompped
        return {chompped, beginningPart}
    else
        set beginningPart to ""
        return {theString, beginningPart}
    end if

end answerAndChomp

-- ------------------------------------------------------
(*
  Delete the leading part of the string until and including theToken.
*)
on chompLeftAndTag(theString, theToken)
    set debugging to false
    --log text 1 thru ((offset of "my" in s) - 1) of s
    --set rightString to offset of theToken in theString thru count of theString of theString
    set theOffset to offset of theToken in theString
    if debugging then log "theOffset is " & theOffset
    set theLength to length of theString
    if debugging then log "theLength is " & theLength
    if theOffset > 0 then
        set chompped to text (theOffset + (length of theToken)) thru theLength of theString
        if debugging then log "chompped is " & chompped
        return chompped
    else
        return ""
    end if
end chompLeftAndTag

-- ------------------------------------------------------
(*
Yvan Koenig
https://macscripter.net/viewtopic.php?id=43133
*)
on findExtension(inputFileName)
    set fileName to inputFileName as string
    set saveTID to AppleScript's text item delimiters
    set AppleScript's text item delimiters to {"."}
    set theExt to last text item of fileName
    set AppleScript's text item delimiters to saveTID
    --log "theExt is " & theExt
    if theExt ends with ":" then set theExt to text 1 thru -2 of theExt
    --log "theExt is " & theExt
    return theExt
end findExtension

-- ------------------------------------------------------
(*
  http://krypted.com/mac-os-x/to-hex-and-back/
*)
on hexToString(hex)
    log "in hexToString"
    log "hex string is " & hex
    set toUnix to "echo " & hex & " | xxd -r -p "
    log "toUnix is " & toUnix
    try
        set fromUnix to do shell script toUnix
        log "fromUnix is " & fromUnix
    on error errMsg number n
        log "convert hex string to string failed. " & errMsg & " with number " & n
    end try
end hexToString


-- ------------------------------------------------------
(*

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/55838252/minimum-value-that-not-zero
       set m to get minimumPositiveNumber from {10, 2, 0, 2, 4}
    log "m is " & m
    set m to minimumPositiveNumber from {0, 0, 0}
    log "m is " & m


*)
on minimumPositiveNumber from L
    local L

    if L = {} then return null

    set |ξ| to 0

    repeat with x in L
        set x to x's contents
        if (x < |ξ| and x ≠ 0) ¬
            or |ξ| = 0 then ¬
            set |ξ| to x
    end repeat

    |ξ|
end minimumPositiveNumber

-- ------------------------------------------------------
(*
  makeCaseUpper("Now is the time, perhaps, for all good men")
*)
on makeCaseUpper(theString)
    set UC to "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"
    set LC to "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
    set C to characters of theString
    repeat with ch in C
        if ch is in LC then set contents of ch to item (offset of ch in LC) of UC
    end repeat
    return C as string
end makeCaseUpper

-- ------------------------------------------------------
on postToCLipboard(pleasePost)
    try
        -- osascript -e "set the clipboard to «data HTML${hex}»"
        set toUnixSet to "osascript -e \"set the clipboard to «data HTML" & pleasePost & "»\""
        log "toUnixSet is " & printHeader("toUnixSet", toUnixSet)

        set fromUnixSet to do shell script toUnixSet
        log "fromUnixSet is " & fromUnixSet

    on error errMsg number n
        log "==> We tried to send back HTML data, but failed. " & errMsg & " with number " & n
    end try
    -- see what ended up on the clipboard
    set theList2 to clipboard info
    printClipboardInfo(theList2)
end postToCLipboard

-- ------------------------------------------------------
on printClipboardInfo(theList)
    log (clipboard info)
    log class of theList
    log "Data types on the clipboard ... "
    printList("", theList)
    log "... "
end printClipboardInfo

-- ------------------------------------------------------
(* Pump out the beginning of theString *)
on printHeader(theName, theString)
    global debug
    if debug ≥ 3 then
        log "in printHeader"
        log theString
        log length of theString
    end if
    if length of theString ≤ 0 then
        log "==> no string to print"
    else
        log theName & " is " & text 1 thru (minimumPositiveNumber from {400, length of theString}) of theString & "<+++++++++"
    end if
end printHeader

-- ------------------------------------------------------
(*
print out the items in a list

*)

on printList(theName, splits)
    try
        set theCount to 1
        repeat with theEntry in splits
            --log "class of theEntry is " & class of theEntry
            set classDisplay to class of theEntry as text
            --log "classDisplay is " & classDisplay as text
            --log "class of classDisplay is " & class of classDisplay
            if classDisplay is "list" then
                log "    " & theName & theCount & " is " & item 1 of theEntry & "; " & item 2 of theEntry
            else
                log "    " & theName & theCount & " is " & theEntry
            end if
            set theCount to theCount + 1
        end repeat
    on error errMsg number n
        log "==> No go in printList. " & errMsg & " with number " & n
    end try
end printList

-- ------------------------------------------------------
(*
splitTextToList seems to be what you are trying to do
  thisText is the input string
  delim is what to split on

  results returned in a list

  Total hack. We know splitTextToList strips of delim so add it back.
*)

on splitTextToList(thisText, delim)

    set returnedList to textToList(thisText, delim)
    set resultArray to {}
    copy item 1 of returnedList to the end of the resultArray

    repeat with i from 2 to (count of returnedList) in returnedList
        set newElement to delim & item i of returnedList
        copy newElement to the end of the resultArray
    end repeat

    return resultArray
end splitTextToList

-- ------------------------------------------------------
(*
  Retrieved data between "begin" and "end" tag. Whatever is between the strings.
*)
on tagContent(theString, startTag, endTag)
    try
        log "in tabContent. " & " startTag is " & startTag & " endTag is " & endTag
        set beginningOfTag to chompLeftAndTag(theString, startTag)
        if length of beginningOfTag ≤ 0 then
            set middleText to ""
        else
            printHeader("beginningOfTag", beginningOfTag)
            set endingOffset to (offset of endTag in beginningOfTag)
            if endingOffset ≤ (length of endTag) then
                set middleText to ""
            else
                set middleText to text 1 thru (endingOffset - 1) of beginningOfTag
                log "middleText is " & printHeader("middleText", middleText)
            end if
        end if
    on error errMsg number n
        log "finding contained text failed. " & errMsg & " with number " & n
        set middleText to ""
    end try
    return middleText
end tagContent

(*
textToList seems to be what you are trying to do
  thisText is the input string
  delim is what to split on

  returns a list of strings.

- textToList was found here:
- http://macscripter.net/viewtopic.php?id=15423

*)

on textToList(thisText, delim)
    set resultList to {}
    set {tid, my text item delimiters} to {my text item delimiters, delim}

    try
        set resultList to every text item of thisText
        set my text item delimiters to tid
    on error
        set my text item delimiters to tid
    end try
    return resultList
end textToList

-- ------------------------------------------------------
on typeHTML(theData)
    global debug
    log "in typeHTML" & return & "  Try to send back HTML."
    try
        set clipboardDataQuoted to quoted form of theData
        log "quoted form is " & printHeader("clipboardDataQuoted", clipboardDataQuoted)
        -- make hex string as required for HTML data on the clipboard
        set toUnix to "/bin/echo -n " & clipboardDataQuoted & " | hexdump -ve '1/1 \"%.2x\"'"
        log "toUnix is " & printHeader("toUnix", toUnix)

        set fromUnix to do shell script toUnix

        log "fromUnix is " & printHeader("fromUnix", fromUnix)
        if debug ≥ 2 then
            log "displaying original string --- so we can tell if it converted successfully. "
            hexToString(fromUnix)
        end if
    on error errMsg number n
        log "==> convert to hex string failed. " & errMsg & " with number " & n
        set fromUnix to ""
    end try
    return fromUnix
end typeHTML

-- ------------------------------------------------------
on typeText(theData)
    (*
         Unix-like systems      LF      0A      \n
            (Linux, macOS)
               Microsoft Windows    CRLF    0D 0A   \r\n
               classic Mac OS       CR      0D          \r   Applescript return
         *)
    global debug
    set lf to character id 10
    log "in typeText"
    printHeader("the input  ( theData )", theData)
    -- Example: -- https://discussions.apple.com/docs/DOC-8841
    -- locate links

    set theOutputBuffer to theData
    set countOf to 1
    -- file is mostly for testing, but should be ok for production too.
    set linkId to {"https://", "http://"}
    repeat with lookForLink in linkId

        set splitOnHTTPorHTTPS to splitTextToList(theOutputBuffer, lookForLink)
        log "display splitOnHTTPorHTTPS.."

        -- debug info
        if debug ≥ 2 then
            repeat with theCurrentHTTPorHTTPS in splitOnHTTPorHTTPS
                printHeader("#" & countOf & " theCurrentHTTPorHTTPS ", theCurrentHTTPorHTTPS)
                set countOf to countOf + 1
            end repeat
        end if

        set buildHTML to beginning of splitOnHTTPorHTTPS
        log "buildHTML is " & buildHTML
        -- delete the first item text
        set splitOnHTTPorHTTPS to rest of splitOnHTTPorHTTPS
        log splitOnHTTPorHTTPS
        set counti to 1
        repeat with theCurrentHTTPorHTTPS in splitOnHTTPorHTTPS
            -- example: converted url. no title found
            -- <a href="https://discussions.apple.com/docs/DOC-8841" target="_blank">https://discussions.apple.com/docs/DOC-8841</a>

            if debug ≥ 1 then
                set toUnix to "/bin/echo -n " & quoted form of theCurrentHTTPorHTTPS & " | hexdump -C"
                set fromUnix to do shell script toUnix
                log "fromUnix is " & return & fromUnix
            end if

            -- find the end of the HTML URL by splitting on blank or return
            -- unsafe characters includes the blank/empty space and " < > # % { } | \ ^ ~ [ ] `
            -- https://perishablepress.com/stop-using-unsafe-characters-in-urls/
            -- the end of the clipboard string my end after the url, hence no " ", LF or CR
            -- Rember, CRLF was converted to LF above
            set endsWhere to {}
            copy (offset of " " in theCurrentHTTPorHTTPS) to the end of the endsWhere
            copy (offset of lf in theCurrentHTTPorHTTPS) to the end of the endsWhere

            log endsWhere
            set endOfURL to (minimumPositiveNumber from endsWhere) - 1

            if endOfURL = -1 then
                -- We have reached the end of the input
                set theURL to theCurrentHTTPorHTTPS
            else
                set theURL to text 1 thru endOfURL of theCurrentHTTPorHTTPS
            end if
            log "--------------------------- " & theURL & "--------------------------- "
            -- "curl --silent --location --max-time 15 " & theURL
            set toUnix to "curl --silent --location --max-time 10 " & quoted form of theURL
            log "toUnix  is " & toUnix
            try
                log "reading link file to get title"
                set fromUnix to do shell script toUnix
                log "fromUnix"
                printHeader("fromUnix", fromUnix)
                -- may not be working with an HTLM document, so thefound title may be to long or confused.
                log "how far?"
                set actualTagData to tagContent(fromUnix, "<title", "</title>")
                log "actualTagData  is " & printHeader("actualTagData", actualTagData)
                if actualTagData is "" then
                    set actualTagData to theURL
                else if length of actualTagData > 140 then
                    log "length of actualTagData is " & length of actualTagData
                    set actualTagData to theURL
                    -- curl https://appleid.apple.com returns <title>403 Forbidden</title>
                else if actualTagData contains "403" and actualTagData contains "Forbidden" then
                    set actualTagData to theURL
                else
                    -- there could be some attributes within the tag
                    -- an attribute could have a > in it. ignoring that for now.
                    set actualTagData to text ((offset of ">" in actualTagData) + 1) thru (length of actualTagData) of actualTagData
                    -- found line-end in title.  caused confustion.
                    set actualTagData to alterString(actualTagData, return & lf, "  ")
                    set actualTagData to alterString(actualTagData, return, " ")
                    set actualTagData to alterString(actualTagData, lf, "  ")
                end if
            on error errMsg number n
                log "==> Error occured when looking for title. " & errMsg & " with number " & n
                set actualTagData to theURL
            end try
            set assembled to "<a href=\"" & theURL & "\" target=\"_blank\">" & actualTagData & "</a>"
            log "assembled  is " & assembled
            if endOfURL = -1 then
                -- We have reached the end of the input
                set buildHTML to buildHTML & assembled
            else

                set buildHTML to buildHTML & assembled & text from (endOfURL + 1) to (length of theCurrentHTTPorHTTPS) of theCurrentHTTPorHTTPS
            end if
            -- wrap up
            set theOutputBuffer to buildHTML
            log "transformed text from buildHTML is  " & return & buildHTML
            log "#" & counti & " transformed text from buildHTML is  " & return & buildHTML
            -- number of links found
            set counti to counti + 1

        end repeat -- looking for all links of the same type in document
    end repeat -- scanning for https and http links

    (* add paragraphs *)

    -- start the theOutputBuffer with a paragraph tag.  We are taking a simple approach at this time.
    set theOutputBuffer to "<p>" & theOutputBuffer
    --  LF
    -- Remember CRLF was changed to LF above and CR was chanaged to LF above.
    -- we don't want no Windoze problems
    set theOutputBuffer to alterString(theOutputBuffer, lf & lf, "</p><p> </p><p>")

    -- Does the string end with a dangling paragraph?
    if debug ≥ 3 then
        log "length of theOutputBuffer is " & length of theOutputBuffer
        log "((length of theOutputBuffer) - 2) is " & ((length of theOutputBuffer) - 2)
        log "(length of theOutputBuffer)  is " & (length of theOutputBuffer)
        log "((length of theOutputBuffer) - 3) is " & ((length of theOutputBuffer) - 3)
    end if
    if text ((length of theOutputBuffer) - 2) thru (length of theOutputBuffer) of theOutputBuffer is "<p>" then
        set theOutputBuffer to text 1 thru ((length of theOutputBuffer) - 3) of theOutputBuffer
    else if text ((length of theOutputBuffer) - 2) thru (length of theOutputBuffer) of theOutputBuffer is not "</p>" then
        set theOutputBuffer to theOutputBuffer & "</p>"
    end if

    log "theOutputBuffer is " & return & theOutputBuffer

    --convert to html clipboard format
    return typeHTML(theOutputBuffer)

end typeText



(*
https://www.oreilly.com/library/view/applescript-the-definitive/0596102119/re89.html

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11085654/apple-script-how-can-i-copy-html-content-to-the-clipboard

-- user has copied a file's icon in the Finder
clipboard info
-- {{string, 20}, {«class ut16», 44}, {«class hfs », 80}, {«class
 utf8», 20}, {Unicode text, 42}, {picture, 2616}, {«class icns», 43336},
{«class furl», 62}}

textutil -convert html foo.rtf

if ((clipboard info) as string) contains "«class furl»" then
        log "the clipboard contains a file named " & (the clipboard as string)
    else
        log "the clipboard does not contain a file"
    end if

the clipboard       required
as  class   optional

tell application "Script Editor"
        activate
    end tell

textutil has a simplistic text to html conversion
    set clipboardDataQuoted to quoted form of theData
    log "quoted form is " & clipboardDataQuoted

    set toUnix to "/bin/echo -n " & clipboardDataQuoted
    set toUnix to toUnix & " | textutil -convert html -noload -nostore -stdin -stdout "
    log "toUnix is " & toUnix
    set fromUnix to do shell script toUnix
    log "fromUnix  is " & fromUnix


set s to "Today is my birthday"
log text 1 thru ((offset of "my" in s) - 1) of s
--> "Today is "
            -- text 1 thru ((offset of "my" in s) - 1) of s
            -- -1 since offset return the first character "m" position count

log "beginningOfTag is " & text 1 thru (minimumPositiveNumber from {200, length of beginningOfTag}) of beginningOfTag & "<+++++++++++++++++++++++"

https://developer.apple.com/library/archive/documentation/AppleScript/Conceptual/AppleScriptLangGuide/reference/ASLR_cmds.html

*)

--mac $ hex=`echo -n "<p>your html code here</>" | hexdump -ve '1/1 "%.2x"'`
--mac $ echo $hex
--3c703e796f75722068746d6c20636f646520686572653c2f3e
--mac $ osascript -e "set the clipboard to «data HTML${hex}»"
--mac $
(*
A sub-routine for encoding ASCII characters.

encode_char("$")
--> returns: "%24"

based on:
https://www.macosxautomation.com/applescript/sbrt/sbrt-08.html

*)
(*
Lowest Numeric Value in a List

This sub-routine will return the lowest numeric value in a list of items. The passed list can contain non-numeric data as well as lists within lists. For example:

lowest_number({-3.25, 23, 2345, "sid", 3, 67})
--> returns: -3.25
lowest_number({-3.25, 23, {-22, 78695, "bob"}, 2345, true, "sid", 3, 67})
--> returns: -22

If there is no numeric data in the passed list, the sub-routine will return a null string ("")

lowest_number({"this", "list", "contains", "only", "text"})
--> returns: ""

https://macosxautomation.com/applescript/sbrt/sbrt-03.html

Here's the sub-routine:

*)
(*
on lowestNumber(values_list)
    set the low_amount to ""
    repeat with i from 1 to the count of the values_list
        set this_item to item i of the values_list
        set the item_class to the class of this_item
        if the item_class is in {integer, real} then
            if the low_amount is "" then
                set the low_amount to this_item
            else if this_item is less than the low_amount then
                set the low_amount to item i of the values_list
            end if
        else if the item_class is list then
            set the low_value to lowest_number(this_item)
            if the the low_value is less than the low_amount then ¬
                set the low_amount to the low_value
        end if
    end repeat
    return the low_amount
end lowestNumber

https://lists.apple.com/archives/applescript-users/2010/Sep/msg00139.html
set list_of_values to {10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 2000, 9, 3000, 4}

set minimum to 9.9999999999E+12
set maximum to 0
repeat with ref_to_value in list_of_values
    set the_value to contents of ref_to_value
    if the_value > maximum then set maximum to the_value
    if the_value < minimum then set minimum to the_value
end repeat

{minimum, maximum}

may do the trick.

Yvan KOENIG (VALLAURIS, France) lundi 13 septembre 2010 22:32:41
*)
(* https://lists.apple.com/archives/applescript-users/2010/Sep/msg00139.html
set list_of_values to {10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 2000, 9, 3000, 4}

set minimum to 9.9999999999E+12

assume it's limited to positive values


on maxValue(list_of_values)
    global debug
    if debug ≥ 3 then log "in maxValue " & return & list_of_values
    set maximum to 0
    repeat with ref_to_value in list_of_values
        set the_value to contents of ref_to_value
        if the_value > maximum then set maximum to the_value
    end repeat
    if debug ≥ 3 then log maximum
    return maximum
end maxValue
*)
-- ------------------------------------------------------
(*
http://harvey.nu/applescript_url_encode_routine.html

on urlencode(theText)
    set theTextEnc to ""
    repeat with eachChar in characters of theText
        set useChar to eachChar
        set eachCharNum to ASCII number of eachChar
        if eachCharNum = 32 then
            set useChar to "+"
        else if (eachCharNum ≠ 42) and (eachCharNum ≠ 95) and (eachCharNum < 45 or eachCharNum > 46) and (eachCharNum < 48 or eachCharNum > 57) and (eachCharNum < 65 or eachCharNum > 90) and (eachCharNum < 97 or eachCharNum > 122) then
            set firstDig to round (eachCharNum / 16) rounding down
            set secondDig to eachCharNum mod 16
            if firstDig > 9 then
                set aNum to firstDig + 55
                set firstDig to ASCII character aNum
            end if
            if secondDig > 9 then
                set aNum to secondDig + 55
                set secondDig to ASCII character aNum
            end if
            set numHex to ("%" & (firstDig as string) & (secondDig as string)) as string
            set useChar to numHex
        end if
        set theTextEnc to theTextEnc & useChar as string
    end repeat
    return theTextEnc
end urlencode

Clipboard classes after a copy from the application.
from waterfox
(*«class HTML», 13876, «class utf8», 505, «class ut16», 1012, string, 505, Unicode text, 1010*)

from chrome
(*«class HTML», 748, «class utf8», 204, «class ut16», 410, string, 204, Unicode text, 408*)

from safari
(*«class weba», 120785, «class RTF », 70255, «class HTML», 122811, «class utf8», 3370, «class ut16», 6772, uniform styles, 47132, string, 3385, scrap styles, 8122, Unicode text, 6732, uniform styles, 47132, scrap styles, 8122*)

iCab
(*«class weba», 1665, «class RTF », 763, «class utf8», 121, «class ut16», 244, uniform styles, 376, string, 121, scrap styles, 62, Unicode text, 242, uniform styles, 376, scrap styles, 62*)

Opera
(*«class HTML», 5767, «class utf8», 150, «class ut16», 302, string, 150, Unicode text, 300*)

Textedit
(*«class RTF », 1136, «class utf8», 138, «class ut16», 278, uniform styles, 148, string, 138, scrap styles, 22, Unicode text, 276, uniform styles, 148, scrap styles, 22*)

Word
(*«class DSIG», 4, «class DOBJ», 56, «class OBJD», 244, «class RTF », 30573, «class HTML», 21160, scrap styles, 22, uniform styles, 136, string, 210, Unicode text, 420, «class PDF », 13197, picture, 154058, «class EMBS», 33280, «class LNKS», 909, «class LKSD», 244, «class OJLK», 93, «class HLNK», 1387, «class OFSC», 232, «class ut16», 422, «class DSIG», 4, «class DOBJ», 56, «class OBJD», 244, scrap styles, 22, uniform styles, 136, «class EMBS», 33280, «class LNKS», 909, «class LKSD», 244, «class OJLK», 93, «class HLNK», 1387, «class OFSC», 232*)

TextWrangler
(*«class utf8», 185, «class BBLM», 4, «class ut16», 372, string, 185, Unicode text, 370, «class BBLM», 4*)

*)