Задача 1. Распределения на любой вкус

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
plt.style.use("ggplot")
from typing import Any

class ShapeMismatchError(Exception):
  pass

def visualize_diagrams(
    abscissa: np.ndarray,
    ordinates: np.ndarray,
    diagram_type: Any,
) -> None:
    if abscissa.shape != ordinates.shape:
      raise ShapeMismatchError
    if diagram_type not in ['hist', 'violin', 'box']:
      raise ValueError

    figure = plt.figure(figsize=(8, 8))
    grid = plt.GridSpec(4, 4, wspace=space, hspace=space)
    axis_scatter = figure.add_subplot(grid[:-1, 1:])
    axis_scatter.scatter(abscissa, ordinates, color="cornflowerblue", alpha=0.5)

    axis_hist_vert = figure.add_subplot(
        grid[:-1, 0],
        sharey=axis_scatter,
    )
    axis_hist_hor = figure.add_subplot(
        grid[-1, 1:],
        sharex=axis_scatter,
    )

    def hist() -> None:
      nonlocal axis_hist_vert
      nonlocal axis_hist_hor
      nonlocal abscissa
      nonlocal ordinates
      axis_hist_hor.hist(
          abscissa,
          bins=50,
          color="cornflowerblue",
          density=True,
          alpha=0.5,
      )
      axis_hist_vert.hist(
          ordinates,
          bins=50,
          color="cornflowerblue",
          orientation="horizontal",
          density=True,
          alpha=0.5,
      )
      axis_hist_hor.invert_yaxis()
      axis_hist_vert.invert_xaxis()
      return None

    def violin() -> None:
      nonlocal axis_hist_vert
      nonlocal axis_hist_hor
      nonlocal abscissa
      nonlocal ordinates
      violin_parts_x = axis_hist_hor.violinplot(
          abscissa,
          vert=False,
          showmedians=True,
      )
      for body in violin_parts_x["bodies"]:
          body.set_facecolor("cornflowerblue")
          body.set_edgecolor("blue")
      for part in violin_parts_x:
          if part == "bodies":
              continue
          violin_parts_x[part].set_edgecolor("cornflowerblue")

      violin_parts_y = axis_hist_vert.violinplot(
          ordinates,
          vert=True,
          showmedians=True,
      )
      for body in violin_parts_y["bodies"]:
          body.set_facecolor("cornflowerblue")
          body.set_edgecolor("blue")
      for part in violin_parts_y:
          if part == "bodies":
              continue
          violin_parts_y[part].set_edgecolor("cornflowerblue")

      axis.set_yticks([])
      return None

    def box() -> None:
      nonlocal axis_hist_vert
      nonlocal axis_hist_hor
      nonlocal abscissa
      nonlocal ordinates
      axis_hist_hor.boxplot(
          abscissa,
          vert=False,
          patch_artist=True,
          boxprops=dict(facecolor="lightsteelblue"),
          medianprops=dict(color="k"),
      )
      axis_hist_vert.boxplot(
          ordinates,
          vert=True,
          patch_artist=True,
          boxprops=dict(facecolor="lightsteelblue"),
          medianprops=dict(color="k"),
      )
      return None

    if diagram_type == 'hist':
      hist()
    elif diagram_type == 'violin':
      violin()
    elif diagram_type == 'box':
      box()

    plt.show()
    return None