Robocopy for Flash Drive Backup

# Path to CSV file
$csvFile = "C:\Users\J2897\Code\PowerShell\DriveSync\DeviceMapping.csv"

# Function to perform device scan and output details
function Scan-Devices {
    try {
        $devices = Import-Csv -Path $csvFile

        $pnpDevices = Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_PnPEntity | Where-Object { $_.DeviceID -like "USBSTOR*" }
        $diskDrives = Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_DiskDrive | Where-Object { $_.PNPDeviceID -like "USBSTOR*" }

        Clear-Host
        Write-Host "`n--- DEBUG OUTPUT ---"
        Write-Host "Detected PnP Devices: $($pnpDevices.Count)"
        Write-Host "Detected Disk Drives: $($diskDrives.Count)"
        Write-Host "`n--- STARTING DEVICE SCAN ---"

        foreach ($device in $devices) {
            $csvDeviceID = $device.DeviceID
            $sourceDir = $device.SourceDirectory
            $targetDir = $device.TargetDirectory

            Write-Host "`nDevice ID: $csvDeviceID"
            Write-Host "  Source: $sourceDir"
            Write-Host "  Target: $targetDir"

            $pnpDevice = $pnpDevices | Where-Object { $_.DeviceID -eq $csvDeviceID }
            if (-not $pnpDevice) {
                Write-Host "  -> Device not found."
                continue
            }

            $diskDrive = $diskDrives | Where-Object { $_.PNPDeviceID -eq $csvDeviceID }
            if (-not $diskDrive) {
                Write-Host "  -> No disk drive found."
                continue
            }

            Write-Host "  -> Found disk drive: $($diskDrive.DeviceID)"

            $partitions = $diskDrive.GetRelated("Win32_DiskPartition")
            if (-not $partitions) {
                Write-Host "  -> No partitions found."
                continue
            }

            $driveLetters = @()

            foreach ($partition in $partitions) {
                $logicalDisks = $partition.GetRelated("Win32_LogicalDisk")
                if ($logicalDisks) {
                    foreach ($disk in $logicalDisks) {
                        $driveLetters += $disk.DeviceID
                        Write-Host "    -> Drive letter: $($disk.DeviceID)"
                    }
                } else {
                    Write-Host "    -> No logical disks found for partition $($partition.DeviceID)"
                }
            }

            if ($driveLetters.Count -eq 0) {
                Write-Host "    -> No drive letter found"
                continue
            }

            # Execute Robocopy properly with correct parameters
            # Execute Robocopy properly with correct parameters
            foreach ($letter in $driveLetters) {
                $sourcePath = "$letter\$sourceDir"

                if (Test-Path $sourcePath) {
                    Write-Host "    -> Syncing $sourcePath to $targetDir"

                    # Ensure the target directory exists before executing Robocopy
                    if (-not (Test-Path $targetDir)) {
                        Write-Host "    -> Target directory does not exist. Creating: $targetDir"
                        New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $targetDir -Force | Out-Null
                    }

                    # Use Join-Path to prevent double backslashes in log path
                    $logPath = Join-Path -Path $targetDir -ChildPath "RobocopyLog.txt"

                    # Normalize backslashes in paths to prevent issues
                    $sourceQuoted = "`"$($sourcePath -replace '\\', '\\')`""
                    $targetQuoted = "`"$($targetDir -replace '\\', '\\')`""
                    $logQuoted = "`"$($logPath -replace '\\', '\\')`""

                    # Robocopy arguments with corrected log path
                    $robocopyArgs = @(
                        $sourceQuoted,
                        $targetQuoted,
                        "/E",                      # Copy all subdirectories, including empty ones
                        "/COPY:DAT",               # Correct syntax for data, attributes, timestamps
                        "/R:3",                    # Retry 3 times on failure
                        "/W:5",                    # Wait 5 seconds between retries
                        "/LOG+:$logQuoted",        # Append log output
                        "/TEE"                     # Display output in console as well
                    )

                    # Execute Robocopy properly using call operator '&'
                    try {
                        Write-Host "`n[EXECUTING]: Robocopy $($robocopyArgs -join ' ')"
                        & "Robocopy" $robocopyArgs
                    } catch {
                        Write-Host "Failed to execute Robocopy: $_"
                    }

                } else {
                    Write-Host "    -> Source directory not found: $sourcePath"
                }
            }

        }
    } catch {
        Write-Host "An error occurred: $_"
    }
}

# Remove any existing event subscriptions with the same SourceIdentifier
Get-EventSubscriber | Where-Object { $_.SourceIdentifier -eq "USBInserted" } | Unregister-Event

# Register WMI event for USB disk drive insertions
Register-WmiEvent -Query "SELECT * FROM __InstanceCreationEvent WITHIN 2 WHERE TargetInstance ISA 'Win32_DiskDrive' AND TargetInstance.InterfaceType = 'USB'" `
    -SourceIdentifier "USBInserted"

Write-Host "`nMonitoring for USB device insertions. Press Ctrl+C to exit."

# Use trap to handle Ctrl+C
trap {
    Write-Host "`n[INFO] Script interrupted by user."
    break
}

# Wait for events and process them synchronously
try {
    while ($true) {
        $event = Wait-Event -SourceIdentifier "USBInserted"
        Write-Host "`n[EVENT] USB device inserted."
        Scan-Devices
        Remove-Event -EventIdentifier $event.EventIdentifier
    }
} catch {
    Write-Host "An error occurred: $_"
} finally {
    Write-Host "`n[INFO] Cleaning up and exiting..."
    Unregister-Event -SourceIdentifier "USBInserted"
}