API tools faq
paste
Advertisement
Margus

Biological, chemical, DNA wepons and virus, poison wartools,

Margus
Oct 16th, 2019
515
0
Never
Add comment
Not a member of Pastebin yet? Sign Up, it unlocks many cool features!
text 45.83 KB | None | 0 0
raw download clone embed print report
  1.  
  2. Rule 73. The use of biological weapons is prohibited.
  3. https://ihl-databases.icrc.org/customary-ihl/eng/docs/v1_rul_rule73
  4.  
  5. Littlewood, Jez. The Biological Weapons Convention: A Failed Revolution, (Google Books), Ashgate Publishing, Ltd., 2005, p. 9, (ISBN 0754638545).
  6. https://books.google.com/books?id=B-xjnmd7hN0C&pg=PA9&dq=Biological+weapons+convention+enforcment&lr=&client=firefox-a
  7.  
  8. The Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law
  9. https://books.google.com/books?id=boWuDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA1317
  10. "Show Treaty". disarmament.un.org ( SHOW!!! )
  11. https://web.archive.org/web/20180214040338/http://disarmament.un.org/treaties/t/bwc/text
  12.  
  13. https://web.archive.org/web/20110430190200/http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p_mla_apa_research_citation/0/7/3/6/4/p73644_index.html
  14. Wheelis M (September 2002). "Biological warfare at the 1346 siege of Caffa". Emerging Infectious Diseases.
  15. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2732530
  16.  
  17. Barras V, Greub G (June 2014). "History of biological warfare and bioterrorism". Clinical Microbiology and Infection
  18. https://doi.org/10.1111%2F1469-0691.12706
  19. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24894605
  20.  
  21. Andrew G. Robertson, and Laura J. Robertson. "From asps to allegations: biological warfare in history," Military medicine (1995)
  22.  
  23. Calloway CG (2007). The Scratch of a Pen: 1763 and the Transformation of North America (Pivotal Moments in American History
  24.  
  25. McConnel MN (1997). A Country Between: The Upper Ohio Valley and Its Peoples, 1724-1774. University of Nebraska
  26.  
  27. Rakibul Hasan, "Biological Weapons: covert threats to Global Health Security." Asian Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies (2014)
  28. https://web.archive.org/web/20141217124035/http://www.ajms.co.in/sites/ajms/index.php/ajms/article/viewFile/559/488
  29.  
  30. Jones DS (2004). Rationalizing Epidemics. Harvard University
  31. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0674013056
  32.  
  33.  
  34. Barras V, Greub G (June 2014). "History of biological warfare and bioterrorism" (PDF). Clinical Microbiology and Infection http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1111/1469-0691.12706/asset/clm12706.pdf?v=1&t=j4bf3l4p&s=4351999801f90a508f62ce76425596025d9fff97
  35.  
  36. Medical Aspects of Biological Warfare. Government Printing Office. 2007.
  37. https://books.google.com/books?id=nm_AVg4hmJQC&pg=PA3
  38.  
  39. Christopher W (2013). "Smallpox at Sydney Cove – Who, When, Why". Journal of Australian Studies
  40. https://doi.org/10.1080%2F14443058.2013.849750
  41. First Fleet smallpox, and History wars / Controversy over smallpox in Australia.
  42. The history wars in Australia are an ongoing public debate over the interpretation of the history of the British colonisation of Australia and development of contemporary Australian society.
  43. Various types of biological warfare (BW) have been practiced repeatedly throughout history. This has included the use of biological agents as well as the biotoxins, including venoms, derived from them.
  44.  
  45. Foley, Dennis, ‘’ Repossession of our Spirit: Traditional Owners of Northern Sydney,’’ (2001). Also Davis, Jack, in ‘’Aborigines of the West: Their Past and Their Present’’ ed. Berndt, RM and CH (1980
  46.  
  47. Day, David, Claiming a Continent: a new history of Australia (1996)
  48.  
  49. Butlin, Noel, Our Original Aggression: Aboriginal Populations of Southeastern Australia 1788–1850 (1983)
  50.  
  51. Mear, C. "The origin of the smallpox in Sydney in 1789". Journal of the Royal Australian Historical Society.
  52.  
  53. "Towards more consistent estimates of Aboriginal de-population in the early colonial Australia" by Jack Carmody and Boyd Hunter, presented to Asia-Pacific Economic & Business History conference in Hamilton (University of Waikato) 13–15 February 2014. Text online here. See also https://www.smh.com.au/business/the-economy/maybe-the-colonialists-didnt-outnumber-our-aboriginal-population-swiftly-20151224-gluntd.html.
  54.  
  55. Distinguished Research Fellow, Center for the Study of WMD, National Defense University, Ft. McNair, Washington.
  56.  
  57.  
  58. Carus WS (August 2015). "The history of biological weapons use: what we know and what we don't". Health Security
  59. https://doi.org/10.1089%2Fhs.2014.0092
  60.  
  61. Carus WS (2017). A Short History of Biological Warfare: From Pre-History to the 21st Century. US Defense Dept., National Defense University, Center for the Study of Weapons of Mass Destruction. ISBN 9780160941481.
  62.  
  63.  
  64. Koenig, Robert (2006), The Fourth Horseman: One Man's Secret Campaign to Fight the Great War in America,
  65.  
  66. Baxter RR, Buergenthal T (28 March 2017). "Legal Aspects of the Geneva Protocol of 1925". The American Journal of International Law.
  67. https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/american-journal-of-international-law/article/legal-aspects-of-the-geneva-protocol-of-1925/26453DA22053FCBB08BB4A520FFE9964
  68. https://web.archive.org/web/20171027233302/https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/american-journal-of-international-law/article/legal-aspects-of-the-geneva-protocol-of-1925/26453DA22053FCBB08BB4A520FFE9964
  69.  
  70. Prasad SK (2009). Biological Agents, Volume 2. Discovery Publishing House
  71. https://books.google.com/?id=SoDwO-dl-i0C
  72.  
  73. Garrett L (2003). Betrayal of Trust: The Collapse of Global Public Health. Oxford University Press. (
  74. pp. 340–341?)
  75. https://books.google.com/books?id=teMYnJoVolkC&pg=PA340
  76.  
  77. Covert NM (2000). A History of Fort Detrick, Maryland
  78. http://www.detrick.army.mil/cutting_edge/index.cfm?chapter=contents
  79. https://web.archive.org/web/20120121062629/http://www.detrick.army.mil/cutting_edge/index.cfm?chapter=contents
  80.  
  81. Guillemin J (July 2006). "Scientists and the history of biological weapons. A brief historical overview of the development of biological weapons in the twentieth century". EMBO Reports
  82. https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fsj.embor.7400689
  83. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1490304
  84.  
  85.  
  86. Williams P, Wallace D (1989). Unit 731: Japan's Secret Biological Warfare in World War II. Free Press.
  87. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-02-935301-1
  88.  
  89. Gold H (1996). Unit 731 testimony
  90.  
  91. Russell Working (5 June 2001). "The trial of Unit 731". The Japan Times https://web.archive.org/web/20141221090020/http://www.japantimes.co.jp/opinion/2001/06/05/commentary/world-commentary/the-trial-of-unit-731/
  92.  
  93. Lewis P (4 September 2002). "Sheldon Harris, 74, Historian Of Japan's Biological Warfare". The New York Times
  94. https://www.nytimes.com/2002/09/04/us/sheldon-harris-74-historian-of-japan-s-biological-warfare.html?pagewanted=1
  95.  
  96. Japan triggered bubonic plague outbreak, doctor claims
  97. https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/japan-triggered-bubonic-plague-outbreak-doctor-claims-704147.html
  98.  
  99. Barenblatt D (2004). "A Plague upon Humanity". HarperCollins:
  100.  
  101. Hudson C (2 March 2007). "Doctors of Depravity" https://web.archive.org/web/20070929145353/http://www.dailymail.co.uk/pages/live/articles/news/news.html?in_article_id=439776&in_page_id=1770
  102.  
  103.  
  104. Chevrier MI, Chomiczewski K, Garrigue H, Granasztói G, Dando MR, Pearson GS, eds. (July 2004).
  105. "Johnston Atoll".
  106. The Implementation of Legally Binding Measures to Strengthen the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention, Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute, held in Budapest, Hungary, 2001. Springer Science & Business
  107. https://books.google.com/books?id=ZzlNgS70OHAC&pg=PA171
  108. ISBN 978-1-4020-2096-4.
  109.  
  110. Croddy E, Wirtz JJ (2005). Weapons of Mass Destruction. ABC-CLIO
  111. ISBN 978-1-85109-490-5.
  112. https://books.google.com/books?id=ZzlNgS70OHAC
  113.  
  114.  
  115. Baumslag N (2005). Murderous Medicine: Nazi Doctors, Human Experimentation, and Typhus.
  116.  
  117.  
  118. Stewart A (25 April 2011). "Where To Find The World's Most 'Wicked Bugs': Fleas". National Public Radi
  119. https://web.archive.org/web/20180426075831/https://www.npr.org/2011/04/25/135638924/where-to-find-the-worlds-most-wicked-bugs
  120.  
  121. Clark WR (15 May 2008). Bracing for Armageddon?: The Science and Politics of Bioterrorism in America. USA: Oxford University Press.
  122.  
  123. Alibek K, Handelman S (2000). Biohazard: The Chilling True Story of the Largest Covert Biological Weapons Program in the World – Told from Inside by the Man Who Ran it. Delta. ISBN 978-0-385-33496-9.
  124. ISBN 978-0-385-33496-9
  125. Biohazard, subtitled The Chilling True Story of the Largest Covert Biological Weapons Program in the World - Told from Inside by the Man Who Ran It, is the title of a 1999 book by former Soviet biological warfare researcher Ken Alibek that purports to expose the former Soviet Union's extensive covert biological weapons program.
  126.  
  127. https://archive.org/details/biohazardchillin00alib_0
  128.  
  129.  
  130. Mangold T, Goldberg J (1999). Plague Wars: a true story of biological warfare. Macmillan, London. ISBN 978-0-333-71614-4.
  131. https://archive.org/details/plaguewarstruest00mang
  132.  
  133. Tom Mangold; Jeff Goldberg (2001). Plague Wars: The Terrifying Reality of Biological Warfare. Macmillan. ISBN 9780312263799.
  134. https://books.google.com/books?id=9_9Q7cZh91YC&pg=PA46
  135.  
  136. Zelicoff A, Bellomo M (2005). Microbe: Are we Ready for the Next Plague?. AMACOM Books, New York, NY. ISBN 978-0-8144-0865-0.
  137. https://archive.org/details/microbeareweread00alan
  138.  
  139. "Weapons of Mass Destruction: Plague as Biological Weapons Agent". GlobalSecurity.org.
  140. https://web.archive.org/web/20141220225944/http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/intro/bio_plague.htm
  141.  
  142. Preston R (2002). The Demon in the Freezer. New York: Random House.
  143.  
  144. The Demon in the Freezer is a 2002 non-fiction book (ISBN 0345466632) on the biological weapon agents smallpox and anthrax and how the American government develops defensive measures against them. It was written by journalist Richard Preston, also author of the best-selling book The Hot Zone (1994), about outbreaks of Ebola virus in Africa and Reston, Virginia and the U.S. government's response to them.
  145. The book is primarily an account of the Smallpox Eradication Program (1967–1980), the ongoing perception by the U.S. government that smallpox is still a potential bioterrorism agent, and the controversy over whether or not the remaining samples of smallpox virus in Atlanta and Moscow (the "demon" in the freezer) should be finally destroyed.
  146.  
  147.  
  148.  
  149.  
  150. Orent, Wendy (2004), Plague, The Mysterious Past and Terrifying Future of the World's Most Dangerous Disease, Simon & Schuster, Inc., New York, NY, ISBN 978-0-7432-3685-0
  151. https://archive.org/details/plaguemysterious00oren
  152.  
  153. "26 Countries' WMD Programs; A Global History of WMD Use - US - Iraq War - ProCon.org". Usiraq.procon.org.
  154. http://usiraq.procon.org/view.resource.php?resourceID=000678
  155.  
  156. "Overview of Potential Agents of Biological Terrorism | SIU School of Medicine". SIU School of Medicine.
  157. https://web.archive.org/web/20171119070804/http://www.siumed.edu/im/overview-potential-agents-biological-terrorism.html
  158.  
  159. Millet, P., Kuiken, T., & Grushkin, D. (2014, March 18). Seven Myths and Realities about Do-It-Yourself Biology. Retrieved from http://www.synbioproject.org/publications/6676/
  160. https://web.archive.org/web/20170914115608/http://www.synbioproject.org/publications/6676/
  161.  
  162.  
  163. Jeanne Harley Guillemin (born 1943) is a medical anthropologist and author, who for 25 years was a Professor of Sociology at Boston College and for the last ten years, a senior fellow in the Security Studies Program at Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
  164. She is an authority on biological weapons and has published four books on the topic
  165.  
  166. Guillemin, Jeanne, Biological Weapons: From the Invention of State-sponsored Programs to Contemporary Bioterrorism, Columbia University Press, 2005.
  167. Guillemin, Jeanne (ed.), Anthropological Realities: Readings in the Science of Culture, Transaction Publishers, 1980.
  168. http://www.sussex.ac.uk/Units/spru/hsp/People/Guillemin.htm
  169. https://ssp.mit.edu/people/jeanne-guillemin
  170. https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&q=Jeanne+Guillemin&btnG=&as_sdt=1%2C44&as_sdtp=
  171.  
  172. https://www.npr.org/2011/09/14/140216982/poison-in-the-post-revisiting-american-anthrax
  173.  
  174.  
  175. Brown, Fredric Joseph, Chemical Warfare: A Study in Restraints, Princeton University Press, 1968; [Transaction Publishers edition, 2005].
  176.  
  177. Dugway Proving Ground (DPG) is a U.S. Army facility established in 1942 to test biological and chemical weapons
  178. Lee Davidson and Joe Bauman (February 12, 2001). "Toxic Utah: A land littered with poisons". Deseret News
  179. https://web.archive.org/web/20080724062508/http://www.deseretnews.com/dn/sview/1,3329,250010322,00.html
  180.  
  181. http://www.redorbit.com/news/science/285387/skull_valleys_nerve_gas_neighbors/
  182. http://www.lexisnexis.com/us/lnacademic/results/docview/docview.do?risb=21_T2578521527&format=GNBFI&sort=RELEVANCE&startDocNo=1&resultsUrlKey=29_T2578521532&cisb=22_T2578521531&treeMax=true&treeWidth=0&csi=227171&docNo=1
  183.  
  184. DoD news briefing – Mr. Kenneth Bacon, ASD (PA)," (Lexis Nexis, relevant excerpt), M2 Presswire,
  185. http://www.gulflink.osd.mil/current_press/NB3apr97.htm
  186. http://www.lexisnexis.com/us/lnacademic/results/docview/docview.do?risb=21_T2578521527&format=GNBFI&sort=RELEVANCE&startDocNo=1&resultsUrlKey=29_T2578521532&cisb=22_T2578521531&treeMax=true&treeWidth=0&selRCNodeID=9&nodeStateId=411en_US,1,4&docsInCategory=4&csi=162367&docNo=4
  187.  
  188. Hoeber, Amoretta M. and Douglass, Jr. Joseph D. "The Neglected Threat of Chemical Warfare", (JSTOR), International Security,
  189. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2626644
  190.  
  191.  
  192.  
  193.  
  194.  
  195.  
  196.  
  197.  
  198. "Al Qaeda's Pursuit of Weapons of Mass Destruction". Foreign Policy.
  199. https://foreignpolicy.com/2010/01/25/al-qaedas-pursuit-of-weapons-of-mass-destruction/
  200.  
  201. "A NATIONAL BLUEPRINT FOR BIODEFENSE: LEADERSHIP AND MAJOR REFORM NEEDED TO OPTIMIZE EFFORTS" (PDF). ecohealthalliance.org
  202. https://www.ecohealthalliance.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/A-National-Blueprint-for-Biodefense-October-2015.pdf https://web.archive.org/web/20170301213815/http://ecohealthalliance.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/A-National-Blueprint-for-Biodefense-October-2015.pdf
  203.  
  204.  
  205. Foster JS, Director of Defense Research and Engineering, US Department of Defense. Letter dated 15 April 1965 to Honorable Richard D. McCarthy, US House of Representatives. Cited in: McCarthy RD. The Ultimate Folly: War by Pestilence,
  206.  
  207. Kissinger HA. N.S. Decision Memorandum 35 an 44
  208.  
  209. Department of the Army. General Order 137. Washington, DC: Headquarters, DA; 10 November 1971.
  210.  
  211.  
  212. "Federal Select Agent Program". www.selectagents.gov.
  213. https://web.archive.org/web/20171124150908/https://www.selectagents.gov/
  214.  
  215.  
  216. Wagner D (2 October 2017). "Biological Weapons and Virtual Terrorism". Huffington Post
  217. https://web.archive.org/web/20171104183637/https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/biological-weapons-and-virtual-terrorism_us_59d23151e4b034ae778d4c3c
  218.  
  219.  
  220.  
  221. Loner Likely Sent Anthrax, FBI Says". Los Angeles Times.
  222. https://web.archive.org/web/20080407193942/http://www.ph.ucla.edu/epi/bioter/lonerlikelyanthrax.html
  223.  
  224. "Anthrax Facts | UPMC Center for Health Security". Upmc-biosecurity.org.
  225. https://web.archive.org/web/20130302063353/http://www.upmc-biosecurity.org/website/our_work/biological-threats-and-epidemics/fact_sheets/anthrax.html
  226.  
  227.  
  228. Hassani M, Patel MC, Pirofski LA (April 2004). "Vaccines for the prevention of diseases caused by potential bioweapons". Clinical Immunology.
  229. https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.clim.2003.09.010
  230. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15093546
  231.  
  232. akafuji ET, Russell PK. "Military immunizations: Past, present and future prospects". Infect Dis Clin North Am. 1990
  233.  
  234.  
  235. Federal Funding for Bioweapons Prevention and Defense, by Agency, 2001-2009
  236. http://www.armscontrolcenter.org/policy/biochem/articles/fy09_biodefense_funding/
  237.  
  238.  
  239. Franz D. "The U.S. Biological Warfare and Biological Defense Programs" (PDF). Arizona University
  240. https://web.archive.org/web/20180219221907/http://www.au.af.mil/au/awc/awcgate/medaspec/Ch-19electrv699.pdf
  241.  
  242.  
  243. "Vietnam's war against Agent Orange". BBC News.
  244. https://web.archive.org/web/20090111171055/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/3798581.stm
  245.  
  246. "Critics accuse Sri Lanka of using scorched earth tactics against Tamils". The National.
  247. https://www.thenational.ae/world/asia/critics-accuse-sri-lanka-of-using-scorched-earth-tactics-against-tamils-1.524770
  248.  
  249.  
  250. Verdourt B, Trump EC, Church ME (1969). "Common poisonous plants of East Africa". London: Collins
  251.  
  252.  
  253. "An Introduction to Biological Weapons, Their Prohibition, and the Relationship to Biosafety
  254. https://web.archive.org/web/20130512163809/http://www.sunshine-project.org/publications/bk/pdf/bk10en.pdf
  255. The Sunshine Project
  256.  
  257. The Sunshine Project was an international NGO dedicated to upholding prohibitions against biological warfare and, particularly, to preventing military abuse of biotechnology. It was directed by Edward Hammond.
  258. With offices in Austin, Texas, USA and Hamburg, Germany, the Sunshine Project worked by exposing research on biological and chemical weapons. Typically, it accessed documents under the Freedom of Information Act and other open records laws, publishing reports and encouraging action to reduce the risk of biological warfare. It tracked the construction of high containment laboratory facilities and the dual-use activities of the U.S. biodefense program. Another focus was on documenting government-sponsored research and development of incapacitating "non-lethal" weapons, such as the chemical used by Russia to end the Moscow theater hostage crisis in 2002. The Sunshine Project was also active in meetings of the Biological Weapons Convention, the main international treaty prohibiting biological warfare.
  259. An announcement was posted on The Sunshine Project website, "As of 1 February 2008, the Sunshine Project is suspending its operations", due to a lack of funding. Its website remained online for some time after this date and could be used as an archive of its activities and publications from 2000 through 2008. However, as of October 2013 the Sunshine Project website was offline.
  260. //impossible unless anothr country temp intel project..
  261.  
  262. http://pogoblog.typepad.com/pogo/2008/02/the-sun-sets-on.html
  263. http://www.sunshine-project.org/ibc/bb2006.html#fourteen
  264.  
  265.  
  266.  
  267.  
  268. The Biodefense and Pandemic Vaccine and Drug Development Act of 2005, nicknamed "Bioshield Two" and sponsored by Senator Richard Burr, aims shorten the pharmaceutical development process for new vaccines and drugs in case of a pandemic, and to protect vaccine makers and the pharmaceutical industry from legal liability for vaccine injuries. The proposed bill would create a new federal agency, the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Agency (BARDA), that would act "as the single point of authority" to promote advanced research and development of drugs and vaccines in response to bioterrorism and natural disease outbreaks, while shielding the agency from public Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requests. BARDA would be exempt from long-standing open records and meetings laws that apply to most government departments.
  269.  
  270.  
  271.  
  272. The United States biological defense program—in recent years also called the National Biodefense Strategy—began as a small defensive effort that parallels the country's offensive biological weapons development and production program, active since 1943. Organizationally, the medical defense research effort was pursued first (1956-1969) by the U.S. Army Medical Unit (USAMU) and later, after publicly known discontinuation of the offensive program, by the U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID). Both of these units were located at Fort Detrick, Maryland, where the U.S. Army Biological Warfare Laboratories were headquartered. The current mission is multi-agency, not exclusively military, and is purely to develop defensive measures against bio-agents, as opposed to the former bio-weapons development program.
  273. In 1951, due to biological warfare concerns arising from the Korean War, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) created the Epidemic Intelligence Service (EIS), a hands-on two-year postgraduate training program in epidemiology, with a focus on field work.
  274. Since the 2001 anthrax attacks, and the consequent expansion of federal bio-defense expenditures, USAMRIID has been joined at Fort Detrick by sister bio-defense agencies of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NIAID's Integrated Research Facility) and the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (the National Biodefense Analysis and Countermeasures Center and the National Bioforensic Analysis Center). These—along with the much older Foreign Disease Weed Science Research Unit of the U.S. Department of Agriculture—now constitute the National Interagency Confederation for Biological Research (NICBR).
  275.  
  276. Today, these U.S. biodefense programs—military and civilian—have raised concerns that the U.S. may be pursuing research that is outlawed by the Biological Weapons Convention (BWC) of 1972
  277.  
  278. Leitenberg, Milton (2005), Assessing the Biological Weapons and Bioterrorism Threat, pg 68. [n.p., but USG/public domain]; ISBN 9781495965951.
  279. http://www.strategicstudiesinstitute.army.mil/pdffiles/pub639.pdf
  280.  
  281. According to the Federation of American Scientists, U.S. work on non-lethal agents exceeds limitations in the BWC.[(e Biological Weapons Anti-Terrorism Act of 1989)
  282.  
  283. "Original U.S. Interpretation of the BWC. ,Federation of American Scientists, official site.
  284. http://www.fas.org/biosecurity/resource/documents/original%20us%20interpretation%20bwc.pdf
  285.  
  286. "Introduction to Biological Weapons", Federation of American Scientists,
  287. http://www.fas.org/programs/ssp/bio/resource/introtobw.html
  288.  
  289.  
  290.  
  291. Franz, David R., Cheryl D. Parrott, and Ernest T. Takafuji (1997), Chapter 19: "The U.S. Biological Warfare and Biological Defense Programs", In: Frederick R. Sidell, Ernest T. Takafuji, David R. Franz (editors), Medical Aspects of Chemical and Biological Warfare (1997); Published by the Office of The Surgeon General at TMM Publications, The Borden Institute.
  292.  
  293.  
  294. Mauroni, Albert J. America's Struggle with Chemical-Biological Weapons, (Google Books), Greenwood Publishing Group, 2000, p. 49-60, (ISBN 0275967565).
  295. https://books.google.com/books?id=G35q8W4BGTYC&pg=PA126&dq=nixon+biological+weapons+ban&client=firefox-a#PPA123,M1
  296.  
  297.  
  298. Joseph Cirincione, et al. Deadly Arsenals
  299. Joseph Cirincione is the President of the Ploughshares Fund, a public grant-making foundation focused on nuclear weapons policy and conflict resolution.
  300.  
  301.  
  302.  
  303.  
  304.  
  305. Lockwood JA (2008). Six-legged Soldiers: Using Insects as Weapons of War. USA: Oxford University Press. pp. 9–26. ISBN 978-0195333053.
  306. "Six-Legged Soldiers: Using Insects as Weapons of War is a nonfiction scientific warfare book written by award-winning author and University of Wyoming professor, Jeffrey A. Lockwood. Published in 2008 by Oxford University Press, the book explores the history of bioterrorism, entomological warfare, biological warfare, and the prevention of agro-terrorism from the earliest times to modern threats. Lockwood, an entomologist, preceded this book with Ethical issues in biological control (1997) and Locust: The devastating rise and mysterious disappearance of the insect that shaped the American frontier (2004), among others."
  307.  
  308. European Union cooperative Initiatives to improve Biosafety and Biosecurity (12 August 2010). "Meeting of the States Parties to the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production and Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxin Weapons and on Their Destruction"
  309. https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/708897/files/BWC_MSP_2010_MX_WP.5-EN.pdf
  310.  
  311. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories. 3rd ed. Washington, DC: US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. May 1993. HHS Publication (CDC) 93-8395.
  312.  
  313. Huxsoll DL, Parrott CD, Patrick WC III. "Medicine in defense against biological warfare". JAMA. 1989;265:677–679.
  314.  
  315. Geissler E, ed. Biological and Toxin Weapons Today (Stockholm International Peace Research Institute). Oxford, England: Oxford University Press; 1986.
  316.  
  317. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI). "The Rise of CB Weapons", Vol 1. In: The Problem of Chemical and Biological Warfare. New York, NY: Humanities Press; 1971.
  318.  
  319. Harris R, Paxman J. A Higher Form of Killing: The Secret of Chemical and Biological Warfare. New York, NY: Hill and Wang; 1982.
  320.  
  321. Ouagrham-Gormley S. Dissuading Biological Weapons Proliferation. Contemporary Security Policy [serial online].
  322. Available from: Humanities International Complete, Ipswich, MA.
  323.  
  324. Guillemin J (2013). The Soviet Biological Weapons Program: A History. Politics & The Life Sciences.
  325. https://doi.org/10.2990%2F32_1_102
  326.  
  327.  
  328. Ryan CP (2008). "Zoonoses likely to be used in bioterrorism". Public Health Reports.
  329. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2289981
  330. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F003335490812300308
  331.  
  332.  
  333. Wilkening DA (2008). "Modeling the incubation period of inhalational anthrax". Medical Decision Making
  334. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0272989X08315245
  335. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18556642
  336.  
  337. Toth DJ, Gundlapalli AV, Schell WA, Bulmahn K, Walton TE, Woods CW, Coghill C, Gallegos F, Samore MH, Adler FR (August 2013). "Quantitative models of the dose-response and time course of inhalational anthrax in humans"
  338. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3744436
  339. https://doi.org/10.1371%2Fjournal.ppat.1003555
  340.  
  341.  
  342. Treadwell TA, Koo D, Kuker K, Khan AS (March–April 2003). "Epidemiologic clues to bioterrorism". Public Health Reports
  343. https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fphr%2F118.2.92
  344. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1497515
  345.  
  346.  
  347.  
  348. "Physorg.com, "Encoded Metallic Nanowires Reveal Bioweapons", 2006"
  349. https://web.archive.org/web/20110605231844/http://www.physorg.com/news74433040.html
  350.  
  351. "BiosparQ features" https://web.archive.org/web/20131113041020/http://www.tno.nl/content.cfm?context=markten&content=case&laag1=178&item_id=832
  352.  
  353.  
  354. Genuth I, Fresco-Cohen L (13 November 2006). "BioPen Senses BioThreats". The Future of Things. Archived from the original
  355. https://web.archive.org/web/20070430131012/http://www.tfot.info/content/view/96/56/
  356.  
  357.  
  358.  
  359. Kelle A (2009). "Security issues related to synthetic biology. Chapter 7.". In Schmidt M, Kelle A, Ganguli-Mitra A, de Vriend H (eds.). Synthetic biology. The technoscience and its societal consequences. Berlin: Springer.
  360.  
  361.  
  362. Garfinkel MS, Endy D, Epstein GL, Friedman RM (December 2007). "Synthetic genomics: options for governance" (PDF). Industrial Biotechnology
  363. https://dspace.mit.edu/bitstream/1721.1/39141/1/Synthetic%20Genomics%20Options%20for%20Governance.pdf
  364. https://doi.org/10.1089%2Find.2007.3.333
  365.  
  366.  
  367. Addressing Biosecurity Concerns Related to Synthetic Biology". National Security Advisory Board on Biotechnology (NSABB)
  368. http://oba.od.nih.gov/biosecurity/pdf/NSABB%20SynBio%20-DRAFT%20Report-FINAL%20(2)_6-7-10.pdf.
  369.  
  370.  
  371. Buller M (21 October 2003). The potential use of genetic engineering to enhance orthopoxviruses as bioweapons. International Conference “Smallpox Biosecurity. Preventing the Unthinkable. Geneva, Switzerland.
  372.  
  373. Tumpey TM, Basler CF, Aguilar PV, Zeng H, Solórzano A, Swayne DE, et al. (October 2005). "Characterization of the reconstructed 1918 Spanish influenza pandemic virus" (PDF). Science. New York, N.Y
  374. http://birdflubook.com/resources/0Tumpey77.pdf
  375. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16210530
  376.  
  377.  
  378. Cello J, Paul AV, Wimmer E (August 2002). "Chemical synthesis of poliovirus cDNA: generation of infectious virus in the absence of natural template". Science
  379. https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.1072266
  380. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12114528
  381.  
  382. Wimmer E, Mueller S, Tumpey TM, Taubenberger JK (December 2009). "Synthetic viruses: a new opportunity to understand and prevent viral disease". Nature Biotechnology. 2
  383. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2819212
  384.  
  385.  
  386. Basulto D (4 November 2015). "Everything you need to know about why CRISPR is such a hot technology". The Washington Post.
  387. https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/innovations/wp/2015/11/04/everything-you-need-to-know-about-why-crispr-is-such-a-hot-technology/
  388. https://web.archive.org/web/20160201131108/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/innovations/wp/2015/11/04/everything-you-need-to-know-about-why-crispr-is-such-a-hot-technology/
  389.  
  390.  
  391. Kahn J (9 November 2015). "The Crispr Quandary". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331
  392. https://web.archive.org/web/20170219040840/https://www.nytimes.com/2015/11/15/magazine/the-crispr-quandary.html
  393.  
  394.  
  395. Ledford H (June 2015). "CRISPR, the disruptor". Nature. 522 (7554): 20–4. Bibcode:2015Natur.522...20L.
  396. https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015Natur.522...20L
  397.  
  398. "Shyh-Ching Lo"
  399. Dr. Shyh-Ching Lo, a scientist at the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology in Washington, discovered the microbe in 1986
  400. https://demystifyingmedicine.od.nih.gov/dm11/BioSketch/DM0222-Lo-Shyh-Ching.pdf
  401. Creation of the Mycoplasma - Living Well Clinical Nutrition
  402. This pathogen was patented by the United States military and Dr Shyh-Ching Lo.
  403.  
  404.  
  405. Rothschild J.H. (1964), Tomorrow’s Weapons: Chemical and Biological, New York, New York: McGraw-Hill.
  406.  
  407. Wheelis, Mark, Biological warfare before 1914
  408. https://web.archive.org/web/20090326063758/http://microbiology.ucdavis.edu/faculty/mwheelis/BW_before_1914.pdf
  409.  
  410. Hobbes, Nicholas (2003), Essential Militaria, Atlantic Books
  411.  
  412. "Biological Warfare", EMedicineHealth
  413. http://www.emedicinehealth.com/biological_warfare/article_em.htm
  414.  
  415. Barras, V.; Greub, G. (June 2014). "History of biological warfare and bioterrorism" (PDF). Clinical Microbiology and Infection. 20 (6): 497–502. doi:10.1111/1469-0691.12706. PMID 24894605. However, in the light of contemporary knowledge, it remains doubtful whether his hopes were fulfilled, given the fact that the transmission of smallpox through this kind of vector is much less efficient than respiratory transmission, and that Native Americans had been in contact with smallpox >200 years before Ecuyer’s trickery, notably during Pizarro’s conquest of South America in the 16th century. As a whole, the analysis of the various ‘pre-micro- biological” attempts at BW illustrate the difficulty of differentiating attempted biological attack from naturally occurring epidemics.
  416. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1111/1469-0691.12706/asset/clm12706.pdf?v=1&t=j4bf3l4p&s=4351999801f90a508f62ce76425596025d9fff97
  417.  
  418. Jones, David S. (2004). Rationalizing Epidemics. Harvard University Press. p. 97. ISBN 978-0674013056.
  419.  
  420. Anderson, Crucible of War, 541–42; Jennings, Empire of Fortune
  421.  
  422. Anderson, D. (2006), Lessons Learned from the Former Soviet Biological Warfare Program; UMI Dissertation Services, UMI NO. 3231331
  423.  
  424. Lambert, JT., ‘’Brokers of Cultural Change’’ (2000
  425.  
  426. Warren, C. "Could First Fleet smallpox infect Aborigines? – A note". Aboriginal Histor
  427. https://www.scribd.com/doc/49665744/Warren-AbHist31-2007
  428.  
  429. Finzsch, Norbert (2008). "Extirpate or remove that vermine: genocide, biological warfare and settler imperialism in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries". Journal of Genocide Research.
  430. https://doi.org/10.1080%2F14623520802065446
  431.  
  432. Welcome to CAEPR".
  433. http://caepr.anu.edu.au/Seminars/13/Seminar-Topics%E2%80%94Series-2/07_8_Seminar.php
  434.  
  435. http://www.geocities.ws/jamie_bisher/anthrax.htm
  436.  
  437. S.k. Prasad (2009). Biological Agents, Volume 2. Discovery Publishing House
  438. https://books.google.com/?id=SoDwO-dl-i0C
  439.  
  440. Additional Requirements for Facilities Transferring or Receiving Select Agents, Title 42 CFR Part 72 and Appendix A; 15 April 1997 (DHHS).
  441.  
  442. Daniel Barenblatt, A Plague upon Humanity, 2004,
  443.  
  444. Barenblatt, Daniel (2004), A Plague upon Humanity, HarperCollins,
  445.  
  446. CIA review of "Rikugun Noborito Kenkyujo no shinjitsu [The Truth About the Army Noborito Research Institute]" By Ban Shigeo. Tokyo: Fuyo Shobo Shuppan, 2001".
  447. https://www.cia.gov/library/center-for-the-study-of-intelligence/csi-publications/csi-studies/studies/vol46no4/article11.html
  448.  
  449. Department of the Army. Special Report to Congress. US Army Activity in the US Biological Warfare Programs,1942–1977. Vols 1 and 2. Washington, DC: DA. 24 Feb 1977. Unclassified.
  450.  
  451.  
  452.  
  453. Stephen Lyon Endicott; Edward Hageman (1998), The United States and Biological Warfare: Secrets from the Early Cold War and Korea, Indiana University Press,
  454. https://archive.org/details/unitedstatesbiol00endi
  455.  
  456. "Quarterly Report Rocky Mountain Arsenal Archive July 1 – September 30, 1962"
  457. http://rockymountainarsenalarchive.files.wordpress.com/2011/07/ja_112.pdf
  458.  
  459. Countermeasures, Chapter 6 – An Overview of Emerging Missile State Countermeasures
  460. http://www.ciar.org/ttk/mbt/missile-countermeasures-technology.CM_ch6-9.pdf
  461.  
  462. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/file_on_4/4701196.stm
  463. "Hidden history of US germ testing"
  464.  
  465. American Experience biological weapons timeline
  466. https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/weapon/timeline/timeline2.html
  467.  
  468.  
  469. Eitzen, Edward M. Medical Aspects of Chemical and Biological Warfare: Chapter 20 – Use of Biological Weapons, (PDF: p. 6), Borden Institute, Textbooks of Military Medicine,
  470. http://www.bordeninstitute.army.mil/published_volumes/chemBio/chembio.html
  471. http://www.au.af.mil/au/awc/awcgate/medaspec/Ch-20electrv699.pdf
  472.  
  473.  
  474. Kirby, Reid. "The CB Battlefield Legacy: Understanding the Potential Problem of Clustered CB Weapons
  475. https://web.archive.org/web/20121019041039/http://www.wood.army.mil/chmdsd/pdfs/Jul-Dec%202006/Kirby3col.pdf
  476. Army Chemical Review,
  477.  
  478. Army Chemical Review is prepared twice a year by the United States Army Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear (CBRN) School and the Maneuver Support Center, Directorate of Training, Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri. This magazine presents professional information about the Army Chemical Corps functions related to CBRN, smoke, flame, and civil support operations. The objectives of this magazine are to inform, motivate, increase knowledge, improve performance, and provide a forum for the exchange of ideas.
  479.  
  480. "TX Anticrop Agent & Project 112"
  481. https://rockymountainarsenalarchive.wordpress.com/2011/07/09/tx-anticrop-agent-project-112/
  482.  
  483. "Medical Aspects of Chemical and Biological Warfare, Chapter 34 TRICHOTHECENE MYCOTOXINS p.659"
  484. http://www.bordeninstitute.army.mil/published_volumes/chemBio/Ch34.pdf
  485.  
  486.  
  487. Julian Ryall (June 10, 2010). "Did the US wage germ warfare in Korea?". The Telegraph
  488. https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/northkorea/7811949/Did-the-US-wage-germ-warfare-in-Korea.html
  489.  
  490.  
  491. Regis, Ed (June 27, 1999), "Wartime Lies? Two historians contend that the United States engaged in germ warfare nearly 50 years ago", The New York Times
  492. "The United States and Biological Warfare: Secrets from the Early Cold War and Korea (first chapter on line)
  493. https://www.nytimes.com/books/first/e/endicott-biological.html
  494.  
  495. Endicott S, Hagerman E (1998). The United States and Biological Warfare: Secrets from the Early Cold War and Korea. Indiana University Press. ISBN 978-0-253-33472-5.
  496. https://archive.org/details/unitedstatesbiol00endi
  497.  
  498. Fenn EA (2000). "Biological Warfare in Eighteenth-Century North America: Beyond Jeffery Amherst". Journal of American History.
  499.  
  500. Hersh S (1968). Chemical and biological warfare; America's hidden arsenal.
  501.  
  502. Keith J (1999). Biowarfare In America. Illuminet Press. ISBN 978-1-881532-21-7.
  503.  
  504. Knollenberg B (1954). "General Amherst and Germ Warfare". Mississippi Valley Historical Review
  505. https://doi.org/10.2307%2F1897495
  506. https://www.jstor.org/stable/1897495
  507.  
  508. Typhoid- Biological Weapons
  509. http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/intro/bio-typhoid.htm
  510.  
  511.  
  512.  
  513. NTI: Country Overviews: Israel: Biological Chronology
  514. http://www.nti.org/e_research/profiles/Israel/Biological/3652.html
  515.  
  516.  
  517. Leitenberg, M (2001). "Biological Weapons in the Twentieth Century: A Review and Analysis". Critical Reviews in Microbiology
  518. https://doi.org/10.1080%2F20014091096774
  519.  
  520. Leitenberg, Milton; Zilinskas, Raymond A. (2012). The Soviet Biological Weapons Program: A History. Harvard University Press.
  521.  
  522.  
  523. Legvold, R (2012). "The Soviet Biological Weapons Program: A History". Foreign Affairs.
  524.  
  525. Glenn Cross. Dirty War: Rhodesia and Chemical Biological Warfare, 1975 to 1980. Solihull: Helion & Company
  526.  
  527. Working Group on Civilian Biodefense (February 28, 2001), "Consensus Statement: Botulinum Toxin as a Biological Weapon, Medical and Public Health Management", Journal of the American Medical Association,
  528. https://doi.org/10.1001%2Fjama.285.8.1059
  529. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11209178
  530.  
  531. Rheinhart, Courtney Elizabeth, Clostridium botulinum toxin development in refrigerated reduced oxygen packaged Atlantic croaker (Micropogonias undulatus)
  532. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-05092007-160646/
  533.  
  534.  
  535. "Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction: Assessing the Risks" (PDF). U.S. Congress, Office of Technology Assessment. August 1993:
  536. http://www.princeton.edu/~ota/disk1/1993/9341/9341.PDF
  537.  
  538.  
  539. Adherence To and Compliance With Arms Control, Nonproliferation and Disarmament Agreements and Commitments, Washington, DC: US Department of State
  540. https://2009-2017.state.gov/documents/organization/52113.pdf
  541.  
  542.  
  543. Paul K. Kerr (February 20, 2008). "Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical Weapons and Missiles: Status and Trends" (PDF). U.S. Congressional Research Service: 14. RL30699.
  544. http://usiraq.procon.org/sourcefiles/CRS_2-20-08.pdf
  545.  
  546.  
  547. http://usiraq.procon.org/view.resource.php?resourceID=000678
  548.  
  549. Keith, Jim (1999), Biowarfare In America, Illuminet Press, ISBN 978-1-881532-21-7
  550.  
  551. Knollenberg, Bernhard (1954–1955). "General Amherst and Germ Warfare". Mississippi Valley Historical Review. 41 (3): 489–494. doi:10.2307/1897495. JSTOR 1897495.
  552.  
  553. Maskiell, Michelle; Mayor, Adrienne (2001). "Killer Khilats: Legends of Poisoned Robes of Honour in India. Parts 1 & 2". Folklore.
  554. https://doi.org/10.1080%2F00155870120037920
  555.  
  556. Maskiell M, Mayor A (January 2001). "Killer Khilats Part 2: Imperial collecting of poison dress legends in India". Folklore.
  557. https://doi.org/10.1080%2F00155870120082218
  558.  
  559. Mayor A (2009). Greek Fire, Poison Arrows & Scorpion Bombs: Biological and Chemical Warfare in the Ancient World
  560.  
  561.  
  562.  
  563. Pala, Christopher, "Anthrax Island", The New York Times (12 January 2003).
  564. https://web.archive.org/web/20071016082934/http://cscs.umich.edu/~crshalizi/sloth/2003-01-17.html
  565.  
  566. ^ "Interview: Dr Kanatjan Alibekov". Frontline. PBS.
  567. https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/plague/interviews/alibekov.html
  568.  
  569. ^ "Dr. Ira Baldwin: Biological Weapons Pioneer". American History
  570. http://www.historynet.com/dr-ira-baldwin-biological-weapons-pioneer.htm
  571. https://web.archive.org/web/20090410044336/http://www.historynet.com/dr-ira-baldwin-biological-weapons-pioneer.htm
  572.  
  573.  
  574. Ute Deichmann (1996). Biologists Under Hitler. Harvard University Press. p. 173. ISBN 978-0-674-07405-7.
  575. https://books.google.com/books?id=gPrtE4K0WC8C&pg=PA173
  576.  
  577.  
  578. Leyendecker B, Klapp F (December 1989). "[Human hepatitis experiments in the 2d World War]". Zeitschrift für die Gesamte Hygiene und Ihre Grenzgebiete.
  579. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2698560
  580.  
  581.  
  582. Maksel R (14 January 2007). "An American waged germ warfare against U.S. in WWI". SF Gate
  583. http://articles.sfgate.com/2007-01-14/books/17227292_1_anton-dilger-german-great-war
  584.  
  585.  
  586. Chauhan SS (2004). Biological Weapons. APH Publishing. p. 194. ISBN 978-81-7648-732-0.
  587. https://books.google.com/books?id=MGZwgxoHxCAC&pg=PA194
  588.  
  589.  
  590. Office of U.S. Chief of Counsel for the American Military Tribunals at Nurember, 1946. http://www.mazal.org/NO-series/NO-0124-000.htm Archived
  591. https://web.archive.org/web/20110501105128/http://www.mazal.org/NO-series/NO-0124-000.htm
  592.  
  593.  
  594. "Obituary: Vladimir Pasechnik". The Daily Telegraph. London. 29 November 2001. https://web.archive.org/web/20100303235824/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/1363752/Vladimir-Pasechnik.html
  595.  
  596. ^ "Anthrax attacks". Newsnight. BBC
  597. https://web.archive.org/web/20090407000929/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/newsnight/archive/1873368.stm
  598.  
  599.  
  600. Dr. Serguei Popov, a former Biopreparat researcher working on recombinant DNA techniques for developing novel biological weapons
  601. http://www.technologyreview.com/BioTech/wtr_16485,306,p1.html
  602.  
  603. At Oblensk, Popov and his team spliced the diphtheria toxin gene into the plague bacterium, thus creating a highly virulent and deadly strain.
  604.  
  605. Popov worked at Vector from 1976 to 1986 and at Obolensk from 1986 until 1992. His work included "designer" bio-agents that would cause the symptoms of lupus and rheumatoid arthritis, in which a victim's auto-immune system attacks its own body. His team inserted genes into viruses to make protein fragments of myelin (the sheathing around nerves). Victims that became infected would develop multiple sclerosis, a degenerative disease of the nervous system. By splicing myelin into Legionella (Legionnaires' disease), they also created an agent that caused brain damage, paralysis and death. The recombinant Legionella was very infectious and lethal with only a few cells causing disease.
  606.  
  607. Popov has described Biopreparat's "Project Bonfire", whose goal was to develop antibiotic-resistant microbial strains, and "Project Factor", whose goal was to create microbial weapons with new biologic properties that would result in high virulence, improved stability, and new clinical syndromes
  608.  
  609. In 1992, Popov defected to the United Kingdom and later traveled to the United States. He worked for Hadron, Inc. in microbiology and pharmacology and at George Mason University.
  610.  
  611.  
  612. ^ "Interviews With Biowarriors: Sergei Popov" Archived 18 June 2017 at the Wayback Machine, (2001) NOVA Online.
  613. https://web.archive.org/web/20170618153502/http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/bioterror/biow_popov.html
  614.  
  615. Popov, S (2000), "Interview: Serguei Popov" Archived 2011-09-27 at the Wayback Machine, J Homeland Security,1.
  616. https://web.archive.org/web/20110927023507/http://www.homelandsecurity.org/journal/Interviews/PopovInterview_001107.htm
  617.  
  618. ^ "US welcomes 'Dr Germ' capture". BBC
  619. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/3021981.stm
  620.  
  621. Woods JB, ed. (April 2005). USAMRIID's Medical Management of Biological Casualties Handbook (PDF) (6th ed.). Fort Detrick, Maryland: U.S. Army Medical Institute of Infectious Diseases. https://web.archive.org/web/20070609104204/http://www.usamriid.army.mil/education/bluebookpdf/USAMRIID%20BlueBook%206th%20Edition%20-%20Sep%202006.pdf
  622.  
  623. Warner J, Ramsbotham J, Tunia E, Vadez JJ (May 2011). Analysis of the Threat of Genetically Modified Organisms for Biological Warfare. Washington, DC: National Defense University. Retrieved 8 March 2015.
  624. https://purl.fdlp.gov/GPO/gpo55844
  625.  
  626. Appel JM (July 2009). "Is all fair in biological warfare? The controversy over genetically engineered biological weapons". Journal of Medical Ethics
  627. https://doi.org/10.1136%2Fjme.2008.028944
  628. //oh..how dare they...
  629.  
  630. Mordini E. (2016) The Biodefense Field. Bioethics, Volume 30,
  631.  
  632.  
  633. Crosby AW (1986). Ecological Imperialism: The Biological Expansion of Europe 900–1900. New York.
  634.  
  635. President Bush Signs Project Bioshield Act of 2004". White House.
  636. https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2004/07/20040721-2.html
  637.  
  638. Gibbs, W. Wayt (October 2004), "An Uncertain Defense", Scientific American, Scientific American, Inc., 291 (4), pp. 20–24, ISSN 0036-8733, OCLC 1775222
  639. https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0036-8733
  640.  
  641. Davis JA, Schneider B (April 2002). The Gathering Biological Warfare Storm (2nd ed.). USAF Counterproliferation Center.
  642. http://www.au.af.mil/au/awc/awcgate/cpc-pubs/biostorm/index.htm
  643.  
  644. Chevrier MI, Chomiczewski K, Garrigue H, eds. (2004). The Implementation of Legally Binding Measures to Strengthen the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention: Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute, Held in Budapest, Hungary, 2001. Volume 150 of NATO science series: Mathematics, physics, and chemistry (illustrated ed.). Springer. ISBN 978-1402020971.
  645. https://books.google.com/books?id=lILltXBTo8oC
  646.  
  647.  
  648. National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. (2018). Biodefense in the Age of Synthetic Biology. National Academies Press. doi:10.17226/24890. ISBN 978-0-309-46518-2. PMID 30629396.
  649. https://doi.org/10.17226%2F24890
  650.  
  651. Miller J (2001). Biological Weapons and America's Secret War. New York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-0-684-87158-5.
  652. Miller, Judith; Engelberg, Stephen; and Broad, William.
  653. Germs: Biological Weapons and America's Secret War. New York: Simon and Schuster, Inc., 2002.
  654. https://books.google.com/books?id=RBb8ss3GG1MC&pg=PA63&dq=nixon+biological+weapons+ban&client=firefox-a#PPA63,M1
  655.  
  656.  
  657. "Jamie Bisher, "Baron von Rosen's 1916 Anthrax Mission," 2014". Baron von Rosen's 1916 Anthrax Mission
  658. http://anthrax1916.weebly.com/
  659. https://web.archive.org/web/20140413125850/http://anthrax1916.weebly.com/
  660.  
  661. ^ "MIT Security Studies Program (SSP): Jeanne Guillemin". MIT.
  662. https://web.archive.org/web/20091128145354/http://web.mit.edu/ssp/people/guillemin/fellow_guillemin.html
  663.  
  664. ^ "Matthew Meselson – Harvard – Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs". Harvard
  665. http://belfercenter.ksg.harvard.edu/experts/148/matthew_meselson.html
  666.  
  667. ^ Yazid Sufaat works on anthrax for al-Qaeda Archived 2 May 2014 at the Wayback Machine, GlobalSecurity.org
  668. https://web.archive.org/web/20140502001505/http://www.globalsecurity.org/security/profiles/yazid_sufaat_works_on_anthrax_for_al-qaeda.htm
  669.  
  670. Jackson PJ, Siegel J (2005). Intelligence and Statecraft: The Use and Limits of Intelligence in International Society. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-275-97295-0.
  671. https://books.google.com/books?id=I3Q3_Ww-5SMC&pg=PA194
  672.  
  673.  
  674.  
  675. Linksin web:
  676. https://war-lab.blogspot.com/2019/10/biological-chemical-dna-wepons-and.html
  677.  
  678.  
  679. _______________
  680. _______________
  681. Some fassilites
  682.  
  683.  
  684. Linksin webpart 2:
  685. https://war-lab.blogspot.com/2019/10/dna-weapons-biological-chemical.html
  686. https://pastebin.com/8KDZ5kLz
  687.  
  688.  
  689.  
  690. 1
  691. https://web.archive.org/web/20191017032902/https://war-lab.blogspot.com/2019/10/biological-chemical-dna-wepons-and.html
  692. http://archive.is/YLtxN
  693. 2
  694. https://web.archive.org/web/20191017032701/https://war-lab.blogspot.com/2019/10/dna-weapons-biological-chemical.html
  695. http://archive.is/ScMph
Advertisement
Add Comment
Please, Sign In to add comment
Advertisement
Public Pastes
Advertisement
We use cookies for various purposes including analytics. By continuing to use Pastebin, you agree to our use of cookies as described in the Cookies Policy.  OK, I Understand
Not a member of Pastebin yet?
Sign Up, it unlocks many cool features!