# lecture 3, 29.9.2023, Conditional statements
print("Welcome!")

# NEW FILE

age = 19

# conditional statement -> is age under 20?
# if it is -> run the print-code
# if not, skip all the code inside the if-statement
if age < 20:
    print("You are less than 20 years old.")
    print("This is also printed, if age is less than 20")
    print("There's no limit on how much code is inside a conditional statement.")

print("This is printed, no matter the case (not inside the if-statement)")

# NEW FILE

# ask user for the age
age = input("How old are you?\n")
age = int(age)

# if age is less than 20 -> print text
# else (in other case) -> print something else
# else is basically the opposite of if age < 20 at this point
# => 20 years old or more
if age < 20:
    print("You're under 20 years old")
else:
    print("You're something else (basically 20 years old or more)")

# NEW FILE

# ask user for the age
age = input("How old are you?\n")
age = int(age)

# if age is less than 20 -> print text
# else (in other case) -> print something else
# else is basically the opposite of if age < 20 at this point
# => 20 years old or more
if age < 20:
    print("You're under 20 years old")
elif age < 30:
    print("You're under 30 years old")
elif age < 40:
    print("You're under 40 years old")
else:
    print("Your age is something else.")

print("Thank you for using the application!")

# NEW FILE

# ask user for the age and month
age = input("How old are you?\n")
age = int(age)

month = input("Provide month (number):\n")
month = int(month)

# if age is less than 20 -> print text
# else (in other case) -> print something else
# else is basically the opposite of if age < 20 at this point
# => 20 years old or more
if age < 20:
    print("You're under 20 years old")
elif age < 30:
    print("You're under 30 years old")
elif age < 40:
    print("You're under 40 years old")
else:
    print("Your age is something else.")

# different if-statement, always checked separately
# of the if-statement above
if month == 7:
    print("Sorry, we're on vacation.")
    print("Shop open again in August.")


print("Thank you for using the application!")

# NEW FILE

# ask user the price in float format
price = input("Give the price:\n")
price = float(price)

age = input("How old are you?\n")
age = int(age)

# modify price based on age
if age < 18:
    # if user under 18 -> discount to price 10%
    price = price * 0.9
else:
    # if not under 18 -> no discount, add postage
    price = price + 4.95

print(f"Total sum: {price} €")

# NEW FILE

# ask user for the age
age = input("How old are you?\n")
age = int(age)

if age < 30:
    print("Less than 30 years old.")

# if possible, use this format most of the time
# less than equal to
# no need to do something age < 30 or age == 30: etc.
if age <= 30:
    print("Less than or equal to 30 years old.")

if age > 30:
    print("More than 30 years old.")

# this is rarely need, usually we want to compare
# to ranges instead of actual number values
# sometimes needed, for example if product_id == 0
# => a missing product in a webshop
if age == 30:
    print("You're exactly 30 years old")

# this is the opposite of == .... not EXACTLY 30 years old
if age != 30:
    print("You're not exactly 30 years old")

# NEW FILE

# ask one number from user
# remember to always convert your input into int/float
# comparing to text value creates strange bugs
number1 = input("Give a number:\n")
number1 = int(number1)

number2 = 234

# if one of these numbers is still in text-format
# (no int/float used), this can be very buggy
if number1 > number2:
    print("The first number is bigger!")
else:
    print("The second number is bigger!")

# NEW FILE

# ask user for a sales code
sales_code = input("Give your potential sales code:\n")

# this is our current sales code accepted for a discount
# this season (a web shop for example)
current_code = "WINTER23"

# let's see if the user's sales code is valid or not
# usually text is compared only with == or !=
# banana < firetruck wouldn't make any sense...
if sales_code == current_code:
    print("Discount to price, - 20%!")
else:
    print("Normal price.")

# NEW FILE

# ask for user input
drink = input("What would like to drink?\n")

# if-elif -> react to different user responses
# else -> drink not founc
if drink == "milk":
    print("Price of milk: 1€")
elif drink == "coffee":
    print("One pack of coffee: 6.5€")
elif drink == "water":
    print("Free, use the tap water.")
else:
    print("Product not found.")

# NEW FILE

# let's make a simple two-path application
# ask user if they are student or not

choice = input("Are you a student or not? (s/o)\n")

# if student
if choice == 's':
    print("This code only considers students")
    print("e.g. calculate some kind of special price etc.")
elif choice == 'o':
    # if other user
    print("Calculate price for other customers")
else:
    print("Incorrect selection. Please restart the program.")

# NEW FILE

# ask user for a number
number = input("Give a number:\n")
number = int(number)

# when we divide by two, if remainder is exactly == 0
if number % 2 == 0:
    print("Even number!")
else:
    print("Odd number!")

# NEW FILE

number = input("Give a number:\n")
number = int(number)

# is number either 0, or 0-30
if number >= 0 and number < 30:
    print("Number is between 0 - 30")

# is number less than 0, or more than 30
if number < 0 or number >= 30:
    print("Number is less than 0, or 30 or over.")

# NEW FILE

number = input("Give a number:\n")
number = int(number)

# a preferred shorthand for 0 - 30
# compare to mathematics
if 0 <= number < 30:
    print("Number is between 0 - 30")

# is number less than 0, or more than 30
if number < 0 or number >= 30:
    print("Number is less than 0, or 30 or over.")

# NEW FILE
year = int(input("Give a year (2000-2012):\n"))

# easy to compare a bunch of ranged values
# always double-check all the comparisons
# and try your code with test values
# ESPECIALLY on the boundary values
# example: 2000, 2004, 2008, 2012
if 2000 <= year < 2004:
    print("2000-2004")
elif 2004 <= year < 2008:
    print("2004-2008")
elif 2008 <= year <= 2012:
    print("2008-2012")
else:
    print("Incorrect year")

# NEW FILE

# some variables
# you could ask these from user as well

age = 20
city = "Helsinki"
student = True

# also possible to combine many variables if needed
# typically "less is more" is the way to go
if age >= 18 and city == "Rovaniemi" and student == True:
    print("An adult student from Rovaniemi")
else:
    print("Something else.")

# NEW FILE

age = 20
city = "Helsinki"

# first filter out users that are 18 or more
if age >= 18:
    # this part of code only considers adult users
    print("Adult!")

    if city == "Rovaniemi":
        print("Adult health care in address Test Street 12.")

    if city == "Helsinki":
        print("Adult health care in address Experiment Plaza 35.")
        print("Easiest to arrive by tram or bus.")

else:
    # under 18 users get this response instead
    # all of the if-statements above, will be ignored
    print("For persons under 18 years old, consult your school health care.")

# NEW FILE

# ask user for price
price = input("Price in EUR?\n")
price = float(price)

# give starting value to discount to prevent variable scope errors
discount = 0

# if price is over 300€ -> discount of 50€
if price > 300:
    discount = 50
else:
    # if price 300€ or less -> +10€ postage added
    price = price + 10

# calculate final price including everything
total = price - discount

print(f"Total sum: {total}€")

# NEW FILE

# variables, could be asked from user

# humidity 0-100%
humidity = 92
temperature = -5
raining = False

if humidity > 80:
    raining = True

# subzero temperatures, not actually rain anymore
if temperature < 0:
    raining = False

# THIS PART COULD POTENTIALLY HAVE HUNDREDS OF LINES OF CODE
# SWITCHING THE RAINING BOOLEAN IN DIFFERENT POSITIONS

# final decision
if raining:
    print("It's raining outside!")
else:
    print("It's not raining at the moment.")

# NEW FILE

# ask the dtails from user
status = input("Student or adult? (s/a)\n")
price = input("Original ticket price?:\n")
price = float(price)

# s == student
# a == adult
if status == 's':
    # student get 50% discount
    price = price * 0.5
elif status == 'a':
    # only add service fee
    # if price is less than 100€
    if price < 100:
        price = price + 2.5

print(f"Final price: {price} €")

# NEW FILE

# EXERCISE DESCRIPTION:

# Let's make an application, that determines based on variables
# if it's a GOOD or BAD weather outside

# The logic of the weather is this:

# Bad weather: if temperature is less than +10C
# Bad weather: if humidity is over 80%
# Bad weather: if wind speed is over 2.5 m/s
# Bad weather: if it's dark outside
# in this case we assume it's dark outside, if time is 20-24 or 0-7

# intialize variables
temperature = 15
humidity = 32
wind_speed = 1.4
time = 18

# the boolean that keeps track of bad/good weather
good_weather = True

# helper variables
sun_down = 20
sun_rises = 7

# this condition gets very complex and unmaintainable
# if you start to have a condition like this, consider a helper Boolean variable
# if temperature < 10 or humidity > 80 or wind_speed > 2.5 or (time > sun_down ....)

# if temperature less than 10
if temperature < 10:
    good_weather = False

# humidity over 80%
if humidity > 80:
    good_weather = False

# is it too windy
if wind_speed > 2.5:
    good_weather = False

# is it dark at the moment
if time > sun_down or time < sun_rises:
    good_weather = False

# the final result - let's see what is the
# result of the boolean in the end
if good_weather:
    print("Good weather outside!")
else:
    print("Bad weather .... :(")