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Looking directly at the arc created by a short circuit can be extremely dangerous. The arc produces intense light, heat, and ultraviolet (UV) radiation, which can cause several serious injuries:

1. Eye Damage (Arc Eye or Welder's Flash): The bright light from the arc contains high levels of ultraviolet (UV) radiation, which can cause "arc eye" or "welder's flash." This is a painful condition similar to sunburn on the cornea and can lead to temporary blindness, irritation, or even permanent damage if exposure is prolonged.

2. Thermal Burns: The arc generates extreme heat that can cause burns, not just to the skin but also to the eyes. The intense heat can damage the retina, potentially leading to permanent vision loss.

3. Retinal Damage: The intense visible light, especially in the blue and violet spectrum, can penetrate deep into the eye and damage the retina. This can result in a condition called photoretinitis, which can cause permanent vision loss.

4. Secondary Injuries: In addition to direct eye damage, the brightness of the arc can cause temporary blindness or disorientation, increasing the risk of accidents.

Safety Precautions: Always wear proper eye protection, such as welding helmets with appropriate filter lenses, when working near electrical equipment where arcs may occur. Never look directly at an electrical arc without protection.