08. On Time for the Exam

import java.util.Scanner;

public class OnTimeForTheExam {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        int hourExam = Integer.parseInt(scanner.nextLine());
        int minuteExam = Integer.parseInt(scanner.nextLine());
        int hoursStudent = Integer.parseInt(scanner.nextLine());
        int minuteStudent = Integer.parseInt(scanner.nextLine());

        int examMinutes = hourExam * 60 + minuteExam;
        int studentMinutes = hoursStudent * 60 + minuteStudent;
        int time = Math.abs(studentMinutes - examMinutes);

        if (studentMinutes > examMinutes) {
            System.out.println("Late");
            if (time < 60) {
                System.out.printf("%d minutes after the start", time);
            } else {
                System.out.printf("%d:%02d hours after the start", time / 60, time % 60);
            }
        } else {
            if (time <= 30) {
                System.out.println("On time");
            } else {
                System.out.println("Early");
            }
            if (time != 0) {
                if (time < 60) {
                    System.out.printf("%d minutes before the start", time);
                } else {
                    System.out.printf("%d:%02d hours before the start", time / 60, time % 60);
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

ИЛИ:

import java.util.Scanner;

public class OnTimeForTheExam {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        int hourExam = Integer.parseInt(scanner.nextLine());
        int minuteExam = Integer.parseInt(scanner.nextLine());
        int hoursStudent = Integer.parseInt(scanner.nextLine());
        int minuteStudent = Integer.parseInt(scanner.nextLine());

        int examMinutes = hourExam * 60 + minuteExam;
        int studentMinutes = hoursStudent * 60 + minuteStudent;
        int time = Math.abs(studentMinutes - examMinutes);

        System.out.println(studentMinutes > examMinutes ? "Late" : time <= 30 ? "On time" : "Early");
        Object o = time != 0
                ? (time < 60
                        ? System.out.printf("%d minutes %s the start", time, studentMinutes > examMinutes ? "after" : "before")
                        : System.out.printf("%d:%02d hours %s the start", time / 60, time % 60, studentMinutes > examMinutes ? "after" : "before"))
                : "";
    }
}