/** ---------------------------------------------
* This program demonstrates setw, setfill, and other
* helpful concepts in C++ that students need to complete the
* first project.
* Class: CS 141, Fall 2023
* System: ZyBook Lab *
* @author Mark Hodges
* @version August 23, 2023
* ---------------------------------------------- */

#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>

using namespace std;

int main() {
    // Example output of an asterisk to the screen:
    cout << "*" << endl;

    // If we want an asterisk with space in front of it, one way is to use setw.
    // This will output 4 spaces and then the asterisk (so that there will be 5 characters displayed: 4 spaces and 1 asterisk)
    // We need to include iomanip at the two for setw to work
    cout << setw(5) << "*" << endl;

    // setw only impacts the thing displayed right after it--so this output will not have any spaces in front of it
    cout << "*" << endl;

    // To have something other than spaces to get to the correct width, use setfill.
    // The following will have four periods instead of four spaces.
    // Notice that the period is in single quotes to indicate that it's a single character, rather than a whole string
    cout << setfill('.') << setw(5) << "*" << endl;

    // setfill continues applying once it's been set. So, this will still have four periods, just like before
    cout << setw(5) << "*" << endl;
    // If we want to instead use spaces, we need to use setfill to switch back to spaces:
    cout << setfill(' ') << setw(5) << "*" << endl;

    // A backslash \ is a special character in C++. For example, it can be used to output a new line: \n or quotes: \"
    // If we want to display a backslash we actually need to write it twice: \\ to tell C++ we actually want a backslash and not something special
    cout << "Here is a backslash: \\" << endl;
    cout << "Here is a quote: \"" << endl;

    // You'll need to use loops to complete the project. Here is an example of a while loop to display the numbers 1 to 10:
    int counter = 1;
    while (counter <= 10) {
        cout << counter << endl;
        counter++;  // Adds one to the counter variable
    }