Check if derivative is the class you want

#include <iostream>

using std::cout;
using std::endl;

class caract {
    int ID;
public:
    caract(int id) : ID(id) { }
    ~caract() { }

    int getID() const { return ID; }
};

class respira : public caract {
public:
    respira() : caract(1) { }
    ~respira() { }
};

class toxico : public caract {
public:
    toxico() : caract(2) { }
    ~toxico() { }
};

bool operator==(caract* c1, const caract& c2) {
    return (c1->getID() == c2.getID());
}

int main() {

    caract* c = new respira;

    if(c == respira())
        cout << "sim" << endl;
    else
        cout << "nao" << endl;

    if(c == toxico())
        cout << "sim" << endl;
    else
        cout << "nao" << endl;

    return 0;
}