range , apply and lambda in Python

def range(series):
    return series.max() - series.min()

df.apply(range, axis = 0)
# or
df.apply(lambda series: series.max() - series.min(), axis = 0)
'''
Mon 20
Thu 13
Wed 25
'''

df.apply(range, axis = 1)
# or
df.apply(lambda series: series.max() - series.min(), axis = 1)
'''
Steven  18
Elan  30
Ivelin  13
'''


########################################################
summer.Athlete.apply(lambda x: x[0]) # working with all elements in Athlete column
summer.iloc[:, 1:3].applymap(lambda x: x[0]) # working with all elements in first and second column


########################################################
# Calculate for all numerical columns the range between highest and lowest value!
cars.iloc[:, 0:-2].apply(lambda x: x.max() - x.min(), axis = 0)