//Practical 1 (Write a Program to find sum, mean and product of a vector infinte NA or NULL)

x<-c(1,2,3,4,5)
x
sum(x)
mean(x)
prod(x)
cat("Using na.rm Function")
x1<-c(1,2,NA,4,5,NA)
x1
sum(x1,na.rm=TRUE)
mean(x1,na.rm=TRUE)
prod(x1,na.rm=TRUE)

//Practical 2 (Write a program to create a vector using (:) operator & seq() function)

x<-1:10
x
cat("Using seq() by")
y<-seq(1,3,by=0.3)
y
cat("Using seq() length.out")
z<-seq(1,5,length.out=6)
z
cat("Using seq() from")
a<-seq(15,2,from=6)
a
cat("Using seq() to")
b<-seq(10,2,to=20)
b

//Practical 3 (Write a program to list containing string, number, vector, matrix, and a logical value. Perform an 3 operation on list)

list1<- list(c("Red","Blue","Green"),c(1,2,3,4,5),c(6,7,8,9,10),matrix(c(2,5,8,9,11,12),nrow=2),c("TRUE","FALSE","NA"))
list1
names(list1)<- c("Colors","Numbers","Vector","Matrix","Logical Values")
list1

#Accessing the list elements
print(list1[3])
print(list1[5])

#list Manipulation (Adding,Updating,Deleting elements)
list1[6]<-"New Element"
list1

list1[2]<-"Update Element"
list1

list1[6]<-NULL
list1

#Merging two list
list2<-list(1,2,3)
list3<-list("Sunday","Monday","Tuesday")
list2
list3
mergelist<-c(list2,list3)
mergelist

#Converting list to vector
list4<-list(1:5)
list5<-list(6:10)
list4
list5
v4<-unlist(list4)
v5<-unlist(list5)
v4
v5
add<-v4+v5
add
mul<-v4*v5
mul
sub<-v4-v5
sub
div<-v4/v5
div

//Practica 4 (Write a program to create a list of dataframe and access each of these dataframe separatly)

#Creating a list of dataframe

d1<-data.frame(y1=c(1,2,3),y2=c(4,5,6))
d2<-data.frame(y1=c(7,8,9),y2=c(1,4,6))
ListofDataFrame<-list(d1,d2)
ListofDataFrame

#Accessing components of dataframe

ListofDataFrame<-list("DataFrame1"=d1,"DataFrame2"=d2)
ListofDataFrame
print(ListofDataFrame$DataFrame2)
print(ListofDataFrame[1])
print(ListofDataFrame[[1]][2])
print(ListofDataFrame[[2]][2,2])

#Modifying components of list of Dataframe

ListofDataFrame[[2]][[2]][3]<-c(10)
ListofDataFrame

#Concatenation of list of DataFrame

d3<-data.frame(y1=c(5,5,6),y2=c(9,1,2))
d3
new<-list("DataFrame3"=d3)
new
ListofDataFrame<-c(new,ListofDataFrame)
ListofDataFrame

#Deleting Components from a list of Dataframe

print(ListofDataFrame[[2]][-1])
print(ListofDataFrame$DataFrame2[-1]<-NULL)
ListofDataFrame

//Practical 6 (Write a program to create a data frame from four given values)

Name<-c("Rakesh","Pooja","Kamlesh","Paresh","Anjali","Akansha","Mangesh")
Gender<-c("Male","Female","Male","Male","Female","Female","Male")
Age<-c(23,56,45,12,47,55,78)
Marks<-c(66,78,44,89,67,99,56)

StudentInfo<-data.frame(Name,Gender,Age,Marks)
class(StudentInfo)
StudentInfo

#Concatinating one more column (ID)
ID<-c(1,2,3,4,5,6,7)
StudentInfo$ID<-ID
StudentInfo

//Practical 7 (Write a program to extract 3rd & 5th rows with 1st & 3rd columns from given DataFrame)

data<-data.frame(Name=c("Rakesh","Pooja","Kamlesh","Paresh","Anjali","Akansha","Mangesh"),Marks=c(66,78,44,89,67,99,56),Age=c(23,56,45,12,47,55,78),Gender=c("Male","Female","Male","Male","Female","Female","Male"))
cat("Original DataFrame")
data

#Extracting 3rd & 5th Row with 1st & 3rd Column
result<-data[c(3,5),c(1,3)]
result

//Practical 8 (Write a R program to drop rows/columns by number from given DataFrame)

data<-data.frame(Name=c("Rakesh","Pooja","Kamlesh","Paresh","Anjali","Akansha","Mangesh"),Marks=c(66,78,44,89,67,99,56),Age=c(23,56,45,12,47,55,78),Gender=c("Male","Female","Male","Male","Female","Female","Male"))
data
cat("Dropping 2nd Column")
data[,-2]
cat("Dropping 5th Row")
data[-5,]


//Practical 9 (Write  R Program to create inner,outer, left, right join(merge) from given Two DataFrames)

df1<- data.frame(numid=c(12,14,10,11))
df2<- data.frame(numid=c(13,11,15,12))
df1
df2
cat("Inner Join")
print(result1<-merge(df1,df2,by='numid'))
cat("Left Outer Join")
print(result2<-merge(df1,df2,by='numid',all.x=TRUE))
cat("Right Outer Join")
print(result3<-merge(df1,df2,by='numid',all.y=TRUE))
cat("Outer Join")
print(result4<-merge(df1,df2,by='numid',all=TRUE))
cat("Cross Join")
print(result5<-merge(df1,df2,by=NULL))


//Practical 10 (Write an R program to create a dataframe using two gvien vectors and disply the duplicated elements and unique rows of the said DataFrame)


Name<-c("Rakesh","Pooja","Kamlesh","Paresh","Anjali","Akansha","Mangesh","Anjali","Tara","Rakesh","Ajay")
Age<-c(23,56,45,12,47,55,78,47,33,23,49)
Salary<-c(22000,52000,19000,45000,66000,36000,55000,66000,42000,22000,67000)
df<-data.frame(Name,Age,Salary)
df
cat("Duplicated Data")
print(duplicated(df))
cat("Unique Data")
print(unique(df))

//Practical 11A (Implement matrices addition,subtraction,multiplication,division)

A<-matrix(c(1,2,3,4,5,6),nrow=2,ncol=3)
B<-matrix(c(7,8,9,10,11,12),nrow=2,ncol=3)
A
B
cat("Addtion")
Sum<-A+B
Sum

cat("Subtraction")
Sub<-A-B
Sub

cat("Multiplication")
Mul<-A*B
Mul

cat("Division")
Div<-A/B
Div

//Practical 11B (Write a R program to create a matrix perform operations on a matrix)

A<- matrix(c(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9),nrow=3,ncol=3,byrow=TRUE)
rownames(A)=c("1r","2r","3r")  #Giving Names to Rows
colnames(A)=c("1c","2c","3c")  #Giving Names to Columns
A

#Accessing
print(A[1:2,])  #Accessing 1st & 2nd Rows
print(A[,1:2])  #Accessing 1st & 2nd Columns
print(A[1,2])   #Accessing 1st row 2nd Element
print(A[2,3])   #Accessing 2nd row 3rd Element

#Modifying
A[3,3]=30
A


#Concatenation
B<-matrix(c(10,11,12),nrow=1,ncol=3)
B
C<-rbind(A,B)
C

#Deleting rows & columns
print(A[-1,])
print(A[,-1])


//Practical 12(Demonstrate any five visulization tools with help of suitable data)

Excel Save as CSV(MS-DOS) extension se save krna file
Location copy kro file ka aur "/" daalo ye "\" nhi

data<-read.csv("location ya pe paste kro/student.csv")
data

cat("Line Plot")
plot(data$Total,data$Percentage,type="b",main="Marks Distributuion")

cat("Box Plot")
cg<-data$Percentage
boxplot(cg)


cat("Histogram")
hist(data$Percentage,breaks=15,col="green")

cat("Density Plot")
density_data<-density(data$Percentage)
plot(density_data,main="Marks Distribution")
polygon(density_data,main="Marks Distribution",col='cyan',border="black")

cat("Bar Plot")
bar<-table(data$Percentage)
barplot(bar,horiz=TRUE,main="Simple Marks Distribution",xlab="Marks",ylab="Percentage",col=c("pink","red","blue","cyan","orange","green"))



#3D Graph
cat("3D Graph")
x <- -10:10
y <- -10:10
z_values <- function(x, y) {
sqrt(x ^ 2 + y ^ 2)
}
z = outer(x, y, z_values)
persp(x, y, z, xlab='X Variable', ylab='Y Variable', zlab='Z Variable', main='3D Plot', col='pink', shade=.4)


#Time Series
rainfall <- c(799,1174.8,865.1,1334.6,635.4,918.5,685.5,998.6,784.2,985,882.8,1071)
rainfall.timeseries <- ts(rainfall,start = c(2012,1),frequency = 12)
print(rainfall.timeseries)
plot(rainfall.timeseries)


#Linear Model
x <- c(151, 174, 138, 186, 128, 136, 179, 163, 152, 131)
y <- c(63, 81, 56, 91, 47, 57, 76, 72, 62, 48)
relation <- lm(y~x)
print(relation)
summary(relation)