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- Active queue management (AQM) is the policy of dropping packets inside a buffer before that buffer becomes full, often with the goal of reducing network congestion or improving end-to-end latency. This task is performed by the network scheduler.
- The main goals of active queue management
- • To Solve tail-drop problems
- • there will not be any lock-out behavior
- • there should not be global synchronization
- • there will be no bias against bursty flow
- • It Provide better QoS(Quality of service) at a router.
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- An emulator is a tool that replicates the actual hardware and software environment of a network device, allowing the protocol implementation to run on the actual device.
- Emulators are typically used for testing and validating a protocol implementation against a specific hardware platform or software environment, and they can provide more accurate results compared to simulations.
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- A simulator is a tool that models the behavior of a protocol implementation and the network environment in which it operates. A simulator can be used to create a virtual network environment with multiple network nodes, each running a protocol implementation, and simulate the interactions between these nodes.
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- A test bed is a physical or virtual network environment that is set up to test and evaluate the behavior of a protocol implementation. The purpose of a test bed is to provide an environment in which the protocol implementation can be tested and validated in a variety of real-world network scenarios and conditions.
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- Uppal is a tool for modeling, simulation, and verification of real-time systems, including network protocols and security protocols.
- It uses a combination of timed automata and networks of timed automata to model the behavior of systems over time.
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- Dummynet is a network emulation tool that allows network engineers to test and analyze the behavior of various network protocols and applications in a controlled environment.
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- SPIN PROTOCOL It transfers all the useful data only from each node to every node in the network assuming that all the nodes in the network are Base Station. SPIN node uses three types of messages for communication.
- 1. ADV- It is used to advertise new data.
- 2. REQ- REQ is used to receive the actual data.
- 3. DATA- DATA is the actual message itself.
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