# all4python.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# all4python.py

from collections import Counter

def anagram(first, second):
    return Counter(first) == Counter(second)

anagram("abcd3", "3acdb") # True

def all_unique(lst):
    return len(lst) == len(set(lst))

x = [1,1,2,2,3,2,3,4,5,6]
y = [1,2,3,4,5]
all_unique(x) # False
all_unique(y) # True

def compact(lst):
    return list(filter(None, lst))

compact([0, 1, False, 2, '', 3, 'a', 's', 34]) # [ 1, 2, 3, 'a', 's', 34 ]

array = [['a', 'b'], ['c', 'd'], ['e', 'f']]
transposed = zip(*array)
print(transposed) # [('a', 'c', 'e'), ('b', 'd', 'f')]

a = 3
print( 2 < a < 8) # True
print(1 == a < 2) # False

hobbies = ["basketball", "football", "swimming"]

print("My hobbies are:") # My hobbies are:
print(", ".join(hobbies)) # basketball, football, swimming

def get_vowels(string):
    return [each for each in string if each in 'aeiou']

get_vowels('foobar') # ['o', 'o', 'a']
get_vowels('gym') # []
def decapitalize(str):
    return str[:1].lower() + str[1:]

decapitalize('FooBar') # 'fooBar'

def deep_flatten(xs):
    flat_list = []
    [flat_list.extend(deep_flatten(x)) for x in xs] if isinstance(xs, list) else flat_list.append(xs)
    return flat_list

deep_flatten([1, [2], [[3], 4], 5]) # [1,2,3,4,5]

def difference(a, b):
    set_a = set(a)
    set_b = set(b)
    comparison = set_a.difference(set_b)
    return list(comparison)

###

def difference_by(a, b, fn):
    b = set(map(fn, b))
    return [item for item in a if fn(item) not in b]

from math import floor
difference_by([2.1, 1.2], [2.3, 3.4], floor) # [1.2]
difference_by([{ 'x': 2 }, { 'x': 1 }], [{ 'x': 1 }], lambda v : v['x']) # [ { x: 2 } ]

def add(a, b):
    return a + b

def subtract(a, b):
    return a - b

a, b = 4, 5
print((subtract if a > b else add)(a, b)) # 9

def has_duplicates(lst):
    return len(lst) != len(set(lst))

x = [1,2,3,4,5,5]
y = [1,2,3,4,5]
has_duplicates(x) # True
has_duplicates(y) # False

def merge_two_dicts(a, b):
    c = a.copy()   # make a copy of a
    c.update(b)    # modify keys and values of a with the ones from b
    return c

a = { 'x': 1, 'y': 2}
b = { 'y': 3, 'z': 4}
print(merge_two_dicts(a, b)) # {'y': 3, 'x': 1, 'z': 4}

def to_dictionary(keys, values):
    return dict(zip(keys, values))

keys = ["a", "b", "c"]
values = [2, 3, 4]
print(to_dictionary(keys, values)) # {'a': 2, 'c': 4, 'b': 3}

list = ["a", "b", "c", "d"]
for index, element in enumerate(list):
    print("Value", element, "Index ", index, )
# ('Value', 'a', 'Index ', 0)
# ('Value', 'b', 'Index ', 1)
# ('Value', 'c', 'Index ', 2)
# ('Value', 'd', 'Index ', 3)

import time

start_time = time.time()

a = 1
b = 2
c = a + b
print(c) #3

end_time = time.time()
total_time = end_time - start_time
print("Time: ", total_time)

# ('Time: ', 1.1205673217773438e-05)

try:
    2*3
except TypeError:
    print("An exception was raised")
else:
    print("No exceptions were raised")

# No exceptions were raised

def most_frequent(list):
    return max(set(list), key = list.count)

numbers = [1,2,1,2,3,2,1,4,2]
most_frequent(numbers)

def palindrome(a):
    return a == a[::-1]

palindrome('refer') # True

from random import shuffle

foo = [1, 2, 3, 4]
shuffle(foo)
print(foo) # [1, 4, 3, 2] , foo = [1, 2, 3, 4]

a, b = -1, 14
a, b = b, a

print(a) # 14
print(b) # -1

d = {'a': 1, 'b': 2}

print(d.get('c', 3)) # 3